导叶对泵作透平内流涡结构演化规律影响的研究  

Study of the Influence of Guide Vanes on the Evolution Law of Vortex in Pump as Turbine

作　　者：史凤霞[1,2] 王鹏程 詹浩男 张登辉 宗雪雪 SHI Feng-xia;WANG Peng-cheng;ZHAN Hao-nan;ZHANG Deng-hui;ZONG Xue-xue(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,Gansu Province,China;Gansu Key Laboratory of Fluid Machinery and Systems,Lanzhou 730050,Gansu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院,甘肃兰州730050 [2]甘肃省流体机械及系统重点实验室,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2025年第2期166-172,共7页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：甘肃省教育厅高校教师创新基金项目(2024A-021)。

摘　　要：为了研究导叶对泵作透平流动状态及漩涡演化规律的影响,基于Omega方法分析泵作透平最优工况下涡结构演化过程。首先以无导叶Z_(0)=0透平为基础,然后为其添加导叶。结果表明:Z_(0)=0时漩涡结构比较紊乱,特别是出口涡相互作用使得其形态结构杂乱无序;Z_(0)=9时出口涡范围较小,漩涡形态及演化较为清晰;导叶内漩涡结构简单,演化过程十分清晰。Z_(0)=0时尾水管内主涡与小涡相互作用使得漩涡结构形态及旋向不明显;Z_(0)=9透平尾水管内螺旋形主涡与叶轮旋向相同,与小涡旋向相反。Z_(0)=9透平尾水管三个截面的切向和轴向速度均比Z_(0)=0有所提高,Z_(0)=9透平P1截面切向动能最大值比Z_(0)=0高96.40%。综上,导叶可以减少漩涡的产生,提升透平流场速度,降低水力损失。研究结果可对导叶式透平的设计运行提供一定的理论基础。In order to study the influence of guide vanes on the flow state and evolution law of the vortex structure of pump as turbine,the evolution process of vortex structure under the optimal working condition of pump as turbine is analyzed based on Omega method.Firstly,the turbine with guide vane number Z_(0)=0 is taken as the base,and then guide vanes are added to it.The results show that when the number of guide vanes is Z_(0)=0,the vortex structure is relatively disordered,especially the outlet vortex interaction makes its morphological structure disorderly.When the number of guide vanes is Z_(0)=9,the outlet vortex range is small,and the vortex shape and evolution are clear.The vortex structure in the guide vanes is simple and the evolution process is very clear.When the number of guide vanes Z_(0)=0,the vortex structure and direction are not obvious due to the interaction between the main vortex and small vortex in the tailwater pipe.The spiral main vortex in the tailwater pipe with guide vane number Z_(0)=9 has the same rotation direction as the impeller,and the opposite rotation direction of the small vortex.The tangential and axial velocities of the three sections in the tailwater tube of the turbine with Z_(0)=9 have been improved compared to Z_(0)=0,and the maximum tangential kinetic energy of the P1 section in the turbine with Z_(0)=9 is 96.40%higher than that of Z_(0)=0.In summary,guide vanes can reduce the generation of vortices,increase the flow velocity of the turbine and reduce the hydraulic loss.The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the design and operation of the guide vane turbine.

关 键 词：泵作透平 导叶 涡识别 涡演化过程 Omega方法 

分 类 号：TH311[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]