无人机探测雷达电磁环境影响评价探讨  

Discussion on Electromagnetic Environmental Impact Assessment of Drone Detection Radar

作　　者：陶由之 赵红 徐琎 TAO Youzhi;ZHAO Hong;XU Jin(Sichuan Natural Resources Experimentation and Testing Research Center,Chengdu 610031,China;Sichuan Nuclear Emergency Technical Support Center,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省自然资源实验测试研究中心,四川成都610031 [2]四川省核应急技术支持中心,四川成都610031

出　　处：《环境影响评价》2025年第1期44-48,共5页Environmental Impact Assessment

摘　　要：本文以L波段探测雷达为例,采用理论预测和类比监测的方式评价机场无人机探测雷达在运行过程中对周围电磁环境的影响。研究结果表明:在近场区,观测点与雷达天线的距离(r)小于26 m,电场强度为1.95~29.79 V/m,当r≤5 m时,电场强度随距离增加迅速降低,且存在超过5.4 V/m评价限值的情况,当r>5 m时,电场强度随距离增加没有明显的变化趋势,均满足5.4 V/m评价限值;远场区(r≥26 m)平均功率密度最大值为6.18×10^(-2 )W/m^(2),满足0.08 W/m^(2)的评价限值,瞬时峰值功率密度最大值为11.9 W/m^(2),满足80 W/m^(2)的评价限值,随着r的增加,功率密度不断降低;远场区平均功率密度的类比监测数据和理论预测数据具有相近的变化趋势,在不考虑地面回波影响的条件下,理论预测数据大于类比监测数据,因此,远场区电磁环境影响评价采用理论模型预测是较为保守的。Taking the L-band detection radar as an example,this paper evaluates the impact of the airport drone detection radar on the surrounding electromagnetic environment during its operation by means of theoretical prediction and analog monitoring.The research results show that∶in the near-field region,the distance(r) between the observation point and the radar antenna is less than 26 m,the electric field intensity ranges from 1.95 V/m to 29.79 V/m.When r≤5 m,the electric field intensity decreases rapidly as the distance increases,and there are cases where it exceeds the evaluation limit of 5.4 V/m.When r>5 m,the electric field intensity has no obvious change trend as the distance increases,and all meet the evaluation limit of 5.4 V/m.In the far-field region(r≥26 m),the maximum average power density is 6.18×10~(-2) W/m^(2),meeting the evaluation limit of 0.08 W/m^(2),and the maximum instantaneous peak power density is 11.9 W/m^(2),meeting the evaluation limit of 80 W/m^(2).As r increases,the power density keeps decreasing.The analog monitoring data and the theoretical prediction data of the average power density in the far-field region have a similar change trend.Under the condition that the influence of ground echo is not considered,the theoretical prediction data are greater than the analog monitoring data.Therefore,it is relatively conservative to use the theoretical model prediction for the evaluation in the far-field region.

关 键 词：无人机探测 L波段雷达 电磁 环境影响评价 

分 类 号：X828[环境科学与工程—环境工程]