工业副产盐再利用环境风险评价研究  

Research on Environmental Risk Assessment of Industrial By Product Salt Reuse

作　　者：颜渝森 王健 范例[1,2] 宾灯辉 蔡洪英 龚先河[1,2] 甘伟 袁胜 YAN Yusen;WANG Jian;FAN Li;BIN Denghui;CAI Hongying;GONG Xianhe;GAN Wei;YUAN Sheng(Chongqing Research Academy Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chongqing 401336,China;Southwest Branch of Chinese Academy of Environmental Sciences,Chongqing 401336,China;Chongqing Solid Waste Management Center,Chongqing 401147,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市生态环境科学研究院,重庆401336 [2]中国环境科学研究院西南分院,重庆401336 [3]重庆市固体废物管理中心,重庆401147

出　　处：《环境影响评价》2025年第1期76-83,89,共9页Environmental Impact Assessment

基　　金：重庆市科研机构绩效激励引导专项(CQHKY2023ZX00006)。

摘　　要：工业副产盐具有良好的资源化利用前景,然而部分工业副产盐具有危险废物特性,作为再生利用产品缺乏相关污染控制标准,其后续利用途径下的环境风险不明,成为限制下游应用的瓶颈。以生活垃圾焚烧飞灰经低温热降解后的水洗副产盐为研究对象,识别其特征污染物,并在此基础上根据副产盐作水泥助磨剂原料、印染用盐、制皮用盐和氯碱用盐的暴露场景和暴露途径,开展环境风险评价。结果显示:研究对象Hg、Cd、Cr、As、Pb、Zn、Sb、Se、Ba、F^(-)等特征污染物随水泥产品受雨水、地表水等浸沥后进入地表、地下水的暴露浓度均低于《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838—2002)和《地下水质量标准》(GB/T 14848—2017)Ⅲ类限值,随印染、皮革产品通过日常使用被人体接触的总致癌风险和总危害商均低于1和10^(-6)的评价标准。结果表明选取的工业副产盐在上述再利用途径的环境风险可接受。Industrial by-product salt has good prospects for resource utilization,however,some industrial by-products of salt have hazardous waste characteristics and lack relevant pollution control standards as recycled products,the environmental risks associated with their subsequent utilization are unclear,becoming a bottleneck that restricts downstream applications.The study focuses on the water washing by-product salt produced by a certain fly ash disposal enterprise in China after low-temperature thermal degradation,and identifies its characteristic pollutants as Hg Cd、Cr、As、Pb、Zn、Sb、Se、Ba、F^(-),on this basis,an environmental risk assessment will be conducted based on the exposure scenarios and pathways of by-product salts used as raw materials for cement grinding aids,printing and dyeing salts,leather making salts,and chlor alkali salts.The results showed that the exposure concentration of characteristic pollutants entering the surface and groundwater after leaching with rainwater,surface water,etc.in cement products was lower than the Class III limit values in the Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water(GB 3838—2002) and Groundwater Quality Standards(GB/T 14848—2017),the total carcinogenic risk and total hazard quotient of contact with humans through daily use of printed and dyed leather products were both lower than the evaluation standards of 1 and 10^(-6).The results indicate that the environmental risks of the selected industrial by-product salt in the above-mentioned reuse pathways are acceptable.

关 键 词：工业副产盐 工业废盐 资源化 再利用 环境风险评价 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]