甘肃民勤地区‘慕合怀特’葡萄最佳采收期的确定  

Determination of the Best Harvesting Period for‘Muhe White’Grape in Minqin District,Gansu Province

作　　者：曾宝珍 成永娟 杨娟博 车莉莉 梁靖 卢世雄 梁国平 马宗桓[1] 毛娟[1] ZENG Baozhen;CHENG Yongjuan;YANG Juanbo;CHE Lili;LIANG Jing;LU Shixiong;LIANG Guoping;MA Zonghuan;MAO Juan(College of Horticulture,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学园艺学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《中国农业科技导报(中英文)》2025年第2期70-79,共10页Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：甘肃省自然科学基金重点项目(22JR5RA831);甘肃农业大学“伏羲杰出人才培育计划”项目(Gaufx-03J02);甘肃省特色优势农产品评价—河西走廊酿酒葡萄项目(TYNPZ2022-05)。

摘　　要：为确定甘肃民勤地区‘慕合怀特’葡萄最佳采收期,以当地经验采收期(9月15日)为界限设置不同采收期,通过对酿酒葡萄成熟果实百粒重、果实纵径、果实横径、可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、可滴定酸进行测定,并对不同采收期的果实品质进行综合性评价。结果表明,通过对果实的外观和内在品质进行聚类,将采收期分为2类,9月21日、9月25日和9月29日为第Ⅰ类,9月9日、9月13日、9月17日为第Ⅱ类。综合各项外观和内在品质指标显示9月21—29日为最佳采收期。主成分分析表明,果实pH、总糖、维生素C、总酸含量为‘慕合怀特369’的核心品质指标;固酸比、糖酸比、维生素C和总糖含量为‘慕合怀特234’的核心品质指标。此外,‘慕合怀特234’和‘慕合怀特369’果实内在品质的综合得分在9月25日达到最高,分别为0.82和0.73。综上所述,在本试验条件下,甘肃民勤地区‘慕合怀特234’和‘慕合怀特369’酿酒葡萄果实品质的最佳采收时间段为9月21—29日,9月25日为最佳采收期,结果为‘慕合怀特’葡萄的适时采收提供理论依据。In order to determine the best harvest date of‘Muhe White’grape in Minqin area of Gansu province,the local experience harvest date(September 15)was taken as the harvest limit,and different harvest dates were set.The 100 grain weight,longitudinal diameter,transverse diameter,soluble solid matter,soluble sugar and titrable acid of ripe wine grapes with different harvest dates were measured,and the fruit qualities were comprehensively evaluated.The results showed that,based on the appearance and intrinsic quality of the fruit,the harvesting dates were divided into 2 categories,September 21,September 25,September 29 as the class I,and September 9,September 13,September 17 as the class II.Comprehensive analysis of appearance and internal quality indexes showed that the best harvest period was from September 21 to September 29.The principal component analysis indicated that total sugar,vitamin C,pH and acid in the fruit were the core quality indexes of‘Muhe White 369’,and solid acid ratio,sugar acid ratio,vitamin C,total sugar were the core quality indexes of‘Muhe White 234’.In addition,the composite scores of‘Muhe White 234’and‘Muhe White 369’reached the highest on September 25,with 0.82 and 0.73,respectively.To sum up,under the meteorological conditions of this study,the best harvesting periods for the fruit quality of‘Muhe White 234’and‘Muhe White 369’wine grapes in Minqin area of Gansu province were from September 21 to September 29,and September 25 was the best harvesting period,which provided a theoretical basis for timely harvesting of‘Muhe White’grape.

关 键 词：慕合怀特 采收期 果实品质 主成分分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]