基于有限元的海上风机雷电电磁暂态分析  

Lightning Electromagnetic Transient Analysis of Offshore Wind Turbine Based on Finite Element Method

作　　者：张萍 杨晓磊 张国峰 吴伟强 陈程 李练兵 ZHANG Ping;YANG Xiaolei;ZHANG Guofeng;WU Weiqiang;CHEN Cheng;LI Lianbing(School of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300131,China;Hebei Construction Investment Offshore Wind Power Co.,Ltd.,Hebei Zhangjiakou 075000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学人工智能与数据科学学院,天津300131 [2]河北建投海上风电有限公司,河北张家口075000

出　　处：《高压电器》2025年第2期151-157,164,共8页High Voltage Apparatus

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51207042);河北省教育厅青年基金(Q2012103);河北建投集团科技项目(XT-KJ-2021012)。

摘　　要：风机一旦遭受雷击,机组内部会产生强烈的电磁干扰,影响风机正常运行。为研究雷电击中海上风电机组机舱部位时对风机电子设备造成的电磁影响,文中搭建了基于有限元的海上风机机舱、塔筒及接地体模型,进行海上风机机舱遭受雷击时电磁暂态分布模拟实验,并提出相应的雷电防护措施。仿真结果显示,雷电击中机舱时塔筒顶部的磁感应强度最大,高达3.24×10^(-4) T,沿塔筒壁向四周逐渐衰减;磁感应强度随接地体所处环境中海水深度的增大而增大;对比风机在海洋环境下首次雷击和二次雷电回击下的电磁场分布,二次雷电流回击比首次雷击产生的磁场幅值小,约为首次雷击的1/4,但其波动更为剧烈。The inside of the wind turbine,in case of lightning,will generate strong electromagnetic interference and affect normal operation of the wind turbine.For studying the electromagnetic effect on the electronic equipment of the offshore wind turbine in case of lightning on the nacelle of the offshore wind turbine,a finite element model of the nacelle,tower and grounding body of the offshore wind turbine is set up,the simulation experiment of electromagnetic transient distribution in the case of lightning on the offshore wind turbine cabin is performed and the corresponding lightning protection measures are proposed.The simulation results show that,in case of lightning on the nacelle,the magnetic induction intensity on the top of the tower is the largest,which can be up to 3.24×10-4 T,and decreases gradually along the tower wall to the periphery of the tower.The magnetic induction intensity increases with the increase of the seawater depths in the environment where the grounding body is located.Compared with the electromagnetic field distribution of the first and second lightning of the wind turbine in the marine environment,the magnetic field amplitude generated by the second lightning current is smaller than that of the first one,which is about 1/4 of that of the first one,but its fluctuation is more violent.

关 键 词：海上风机 Ansys-Maxwell 电磁暂态分析 偶极子法 有限元 

分 类 号：TM315[电气工程—电机] P752[天文地球—海洋科学]