浙江大盘山云锦杜鹃群落结构和优势种群动态研究  

Community structure and dominant population dynamics of Rhododendron fortunei in Mount Dapanshan,Zhejiang Province

作　　者：李奇鸽 俞叶飞 陈伟杰 何安国 陈子林 金孝锋 LI Qige;YU Yefei;CHEN Weijie;HE Anguo;CHEN Zilin;JIN Xiaofeng(College of Forestry and Biotechnology,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,Zhejiang,China;Administration of Zhejiang Dapanshan National Nature Reserve,Pan’an 322300,Zhejiang,China;Traditional Chinese Medicine Industry Development and Promotion Center of Pan’an County,Pan’an 322300,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学林业与生物技术学院,浙江杭州311300 [2]浙江省大盘山国家级自然保护区管理局,浙江磐安322300 [3]磐安县中药产业发展促进中心,浙江磐安322300

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2025年第1期1-11,共11页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金：浙江省林业局资助项目(2017-2020)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究浙江大盘山国家级自然保护区较高海拔区域针阔混交林群落结构及群落中云锦杜鹃Rhododendron fortunei种群动态,预测未来的演替趋势。【方法】2018年7月建立1 hm^(2)固定监测样地,对样地内胸径(DBH)≥1.0 cm的木本植物挂牌、鉴定并测量胸径,每5 a复查1次。根据样地内物种的重要值和优势种等,分析群落物种组成和优势种径级结构。利用云锦杜鹃种群年龄结构图和种群生命表等分析云锦杜鹃种群动态。【结果】2018年共记录木本植物4 773株,分属于35科55属90种;2023年有3个物种在样地内消失,个体死亡率为1.38%,补员率为2.38%。样地林层结构清晰,其中亚乔木层云锦杜鹃数量占主要优势。2018、2023年所有乔木树种的总体径级结构皆为倒“J”型,且2023年乔木树种中5.0 cm≤DBH≤20.0 cm的个体数量明显增多。云锦杜鹃种群径级结构为金字塔型,集中在Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ龄级,Ⅰ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ龄级个体数量很少。从存活曲线看,种群内大多数个体能够存活到生理寿命,呈现出稳定增长的动态特征。【结论】云锦杜鹃群落物种丰富,5 a间物种组成和结构比较稳定,低龄级个体比例高,更新较好。云锦杜鹃种群为增长型,但Ⅰ龄级植株数量储备不足。[Objective]The objective is to study the community structure and dominant population dynamics of Rhododendron fortunei in the high-altitude coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest in Dapanshan National Nature Reserve in Zhejiang Province,and predict its future successional trends.[Method]A 1 hm^(2) fixed monitoring plot was established in July 2018,and woody plants with a diameter at breast height(DBH)≥1.0 cm were tagged,identified,and measured for DBH,and re-examined every 5 years.Based on species importance and dominance,the composition of community species and DBH structure of dominant species were analyzed.The population dynamics of R.fortunei were analyzed using age structure diagrams and population life tables.[Result]In 2018,a total of 4773 woody plants were recorded,belonging to 90 species in 55 genera of 35 families.In 2023,three species disappeared from the plot,with an individual mortality rate of 1.38%and a recruitment rate of 2.38%.The forest layer structure of the plot was clear,with the sub-canopy dominated by R.fortunei species.The overall diameter class structure of all tree species in 2018 and 2023 exhibited a reversed“J”pattern,and the number of individuals with 5.0 cm≤DBH≤20.0 cm in tree species significantly increased in 2023.The population structure of R.fortunei was pyramid-shaped,mainly concentrated in age classesⅡ,Ⅲ,andⅣ,with very few individuals in age classesⅠ,Ⅵ,andⅦ.The survival curve showed that most individuals within the population could survive to their physiological lifespan,exhibiting a dynamic characteristic of stable growth.[Conclusion]The R.fortunei community has a richness of species,with a relatively stable species composition and structure in the past 5 years,characterized by a high proportion of young individuals and good regeneration.The population of R.fortunei is growing,but there is insufficient reserve of individuals in age classⅠ.

关 键 词：云锦杜鹃 群落结构 空间分布格局 种群结构 物种多样性 大盘山 

分 类 号：S728.54[农业科学—林木遗传育种]