不同暗管间距与生物有机肥施用对盐碱地N_(2)O排放的影响研究  

Effects of Different Subsurface Drainage Spacing and Organic Fertilizer Application on N_(2)O Emissions in Saline Alkali Land

作　　者：章二子 陈竞楠[2] 黄艳[2] 田颖 金秋[3] 侯毛毛[4] ZHANG Er-zi;CHEN Jing-nan;HUANG Yan;TIAN Yin;JIN Qiu;HOU Mao-mao(Jiangning District Water Bureau,Nanjing 210000,Jiangsu Province,China;College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Fujian Agricultural Vocational and Technical College,Fuzhou 350000,Fujian Province,China;Nanjing Institute of Hydraulic Science,Nanjing 210000,Jiangsu Province,China;College of Horticulture,Fujian A&F University,Fuzhou 350000,Fujian Province,China)

机构地区：[1]南京市江宁区水务局,江苏南京210000 [2]福建农业职业技术学院园艺园林学院,福建福州350000 [3]南京水利科学研究院,江苏南京210000 [4]福建农林大学园艺学院,福建福州350000

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2025年第2期15-20,27,共7页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：江苏沿海集团揭榜挂帅项目“盐碱耕地灌排优化管理高效降盐技术”(2022YHTDJB02-1);福建省自然科学基金面上项目“水分调控对设施土壤残留氮迁移转化和再利用的影响机制”(2023J01133579);福建农林大学“智慧种业”社会服务团队。

摘　　要：为揭示不同暗管间距与生物有机肥施用下盐碱地N_(2)O排放过程及机制,以苜蓿为植物材料,设计了4种暗管间距[不设暗管(CK)、6 m(S1)、12 m(S2)和18 m(S3)],结合3种有机肥施肥量[3000 kg/hm^(2)(N1)、4500 kg/hm^(2)(N2)、6000 kg/hm^(2)(N3)],观测了土壤N_(2)O排放通量、累计排放量、盐分、有机质、有机碳、总碳、C/N等指标,分析N_(2)O排放通量与可能影响因子之间的相关关系。结果表明:暗管排水过程有利于降低盐碱地N_(2)O排放通量,且暗管间距越小、施肥量越低,N_(2)O排放通量越低。各处理累计N_(2)O排放量为1.68~2.40 kg/hm^(2),占施氮量的0.70%~1.52%,不同处理以CKN3最高、S1N1最低,CKN3处理N_(2)O累计排放量比S1N1高43.5%。暗管排水降低了0~20 cm和20~40 cm土层土壤盐分,且暗管间距越小,盐分降低越明显;相同暗管间距下,增施有机肥使得耕层土壤盐分提升7.5%~19.3%。N_(2)O排放通量与0~20、20~40 cm土层盐分呈正相关,R^(2)分别为0.81和0.72;与C/N呈负相关,R^(2)为0.63;与其他因子之间的关系并不明显。研究结果说明暗管排水和有机肥施用主要通过影响浅层土壤盐分、C/N等指标进而调控N_(2)O排放,科学的暗管布局结合有机肥施用有利于降低盐碱地N_(2)O输出。In order to reveal the process and mechanism of N_(2)O emissions in saline alkali soil under different subsurface drainage spacing and organic fertilizer application,alfalfa was used as the plant material,and four subsurface drainage spacing[0 m(CK),6 m(S1),12 m(S2),and 18 m(S3)]were designed,combined with three organic fertilizer application amounts[3000 kg/hm^(2)(N1),4500 kg/hm^(2)(N2),and 6000 kg/hm^(2)(N3)].The soil N_(2)O emission flux,cumulative emissions,salt content,organic matter,organic carbon and C/N were observed.The correlation between the N_(2)O emission flux and the possible influencing factors such as total carbon and C/N ratio was analyzed.The results indicate that the drainage process was beneficial for reducing the N_(2)O emission flux in saline alkali land,with smaller pipe spacing and lower fertilization amounts leading to lower N_(2)O emission flux.The cumulative N_(2)O emissions from the treatments ranged from 1.68 to 2.40 kg/hm^(2),accounting for 0.70 to 1.52%of the nitrogen application amount.Among the different treatments,CKN3 has the highest and S1N1 has the lowest N_(2)O emissions.The cumulative N_(2)O emissions from CKN3 treatment are 43.5%higher than from S1N1.The drainage process reduced soil salinity in the 0~20 cm and 20~40 cm soil layers,and the smaller the distance between pipes,the more significant decrease in salinity was detected.Under the same distance between pipes,increased application of organic fertilizer resulted in a 7.5%~19.3%increases in soil salinity in the 0~20 cm layer.The N_(2)O emission flux was positively correlated with the salinity of the 0~20 cm and 20~40 cm soil layers,with R^(2) values of 0.81 and 0.72,respectively;a negative correlation of N_(2)O emission flux was found with C/N,with R^(2) of 0.63;the relationship between N_(2)O emission flux and other factors was not obvious.The research results indicate that subsurface drainage and organic fertilizer application mainly regulate N_(2)O emissions by affecting indicators such as soil salinity and C/N ratio

关 键 词：N_(2)O排放 盐碱地 苜蓿 暗管间距 有机肥 

分 类 号：S278[农业科学—农业水土工程]