区域夏玉米水分生产力的制约因素及提升方法  

Analysis of Constraints and Ways to Improve Water Productivity of Summer Maize in Henan Province

作　　者：李栋浩 周茹 王楠 谭雪勤 吴用 李玲[1] 史新杰 LI Dong-hao;ZHOU Ru;WANG Nan;TAN Xue-qin;WU Yong;LI Ling;SHI Xin-jie(College of Resources and Environment,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,Henan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学资源与环境学院,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2025年第2期93-99,共7页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：河南省重点研发与推广专项(科技攻关)项目(232102110055);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(24B570001)。

摘　　要：提高水分生产力是提高作物产量和实现可持续农业发展的重要途径。以河南省夏玉米为研究对象,采用偏最小二乘分析和模糊c-均值聚类的方法,量化表征了河南省夏玉米水分生产力的时空特征和主要制约因素,确定了河南省夏玉米种植区域最佳分区数,提出了河南省夏玉米水分生产力的提升途径。结果表明:2011-2020年河南省夏玉米水分生产力呈现递增的趋势,变化范围为1.10~1.98 kg/m^(3);在空间上,总体呈现出东北部高于西南部的现象;根据相关性分析和偏最小二乘回归分析得到土壤全钾、日照时数和施钾量为河南省夏玉米水分生产力的主要影响因子;基于水分生产力空间分布特征确定了河南省夏玉米种植最佳分区数为5;河南省夏玉米水分生产力提升途径:通过增加适量的全钾和有机质、减少一定量的施钾量可以使夏玉米水分生产力提升0.02~0.18 kg/m^(3)。研究结果可以为河南省节水农业的绿色、高效发展提供参考。Improving water productivity is an important way to increase crop yields and achieve sustainable agricultural development.Taking summer maize in Henan Province as the research subject,the spatiotemporal characteristics and main constraints of summer maize water productivity in Henan Province were quantified by partial least squares analysis and fuzzy c-means clustering,determined the optimal number of subregions of summer maize planting areas in Henan Province and proposed ways to improve summer maize water productivity in Henan Province.The results indicated that:The water productivity of summer maize in Henan Province showed an increasing trend between 2011 and 2020,with a variation ranging from 1.10 to 1.98 kg/m^(3).Spatially,the northeast is higher than the southwest.According to correlation analysis and partial least squares regression analysis,soil total potassium,sunshine hours and potassium application rate were the main influencing factors of water productivity of summer maize in Henan Province.Based on the spatial distribution characteristics of water productivity,the optimal number of summer maize planting in Henan Province was determined to be 5.The water productivity of summer maize could be increased by 0.02~0.18 kg/m^(3) by increasing the appropriate amount of total potassium and organic matter and reducing the amount of potassium application The findings can provide valuable insights for the green and efficient development of water-saving agriculture in Henan Province.

关 键 词：水分生产力 制约因素 提升途径 夏玉米 模糊C-均值聚类 

分 类 号：S274[农业科学—农业水土工程]