藏猪与大约克猪ALDH4A1基因多态性与表达差异分析  

Difference analysis of polymorphism and expression of ALDH4A1 gene between Zang pigs and Yorkshire pigs

作　　者：王宇 殷乙凯 王语诗 吴茜 张健 段梦琪 强巴央宗 商鹏 WANG Yu;YIN Yikai;WANG Yushi;WU Xi;ZHANG Jian;DUAN Mengqi;CHAMBA Yangzom;SHANG Peng(College of Animal Science,Xizang University of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Nyingchi 860100,China;Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding of Zang Pig,Nyingchi 860100,China;Provincial Cooperative Innovation Center for the Research and Development of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Resources with Xizang Characteristics,Nyingchi 860100,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏农牧学院动物科学学院,西藏林芝860100 [2]藏猪遗传改良与繁殖工程重点实验室,西藏林芝860100 [3]西藏特色农牧资源研发省部共建协同创新中心,西藏林芝860100

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2025年第2期44-49,共6页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1600900);西藏自治区重大科技专项(XZ202101ZD0005N);西藏自治区基地与人才计划科技项目(XZ202202JD0002N)。

摘　　要：为了探究ALDH4A1基因在藏猪和大约克猪中的多态性和表达差异分析,试验以30日龄、90日龄及180日龄的藏猪和大约克猪为试验动物,分别提取DNA和RNA,采用实时荧光定量PCR技术对其背部脂肪组织中ALDH4A1基因mRNA的相对表达量进行检测,并使用一代测序Sanger法,分别对藏猪和大约克猪的ALDH4A1基因起始密码子上游约3 kb区域进行单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)位点进行筛选并挑选出具有有效突变意义的SNP位点,继续扩大样本进行单个个体测序,对测序结果进行基因型频率与等位基因频率统计。结果表明:在背部脂肪组织中,藏猪和大约克猪ALDH4A1基因mRNA的相对表达量均随着日龄的增长呈逐渐升高的趋势,且30日龄、90日龄、180日龄藏猪ALDH4A1基因mRNA的相对表达量均极显著高于大约克猪(P<0.01)。在ALDH4A1基因起始密码子上游3 kb区域存在T-1541G、G-1533A、T-1292C、T-1082C、G-1027C 5个突变位点,其中T-1541G在藏猪和大约克猪中均处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态(P>0.05),G-1533A、T-1292C、T-1082C、G-1027C在藏猪群体中处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态(P>0.05),在大约克猪群体中处于Hardy-Weinberg不平衡状态(P<0.05)。说明ALDH4A1基因在猪的脂肪沉积性状方面具有调控作用。To explore the difference analysis of polymorphism and expression of the ALDH4A1 gene in Zang pigs and Yorkshire pigs,30 days of age,90 days of age and 180 days of age Zang pigs and Yorkshire pigs were used as experimental animals in this experiment.DNA and RNA of Zang pigs and Yorkshire pigs in the three age groups were extracted,respectively.RT-qPCR technique was employed to detect the relative expression level of mRNA in the ALDH4A1 gene in the back fat tissues.Single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP)in the 3 kb upstream region of the start codon of the ALDH4A1 gene in Zang pigs and Yorkshire pigs was selected by the first generation sequencing Sanger method.The SNPs sites with significant mutations were selected,and the sample size was further expanded for individual sequencing.Genotype frequency and gene frequency were performed on the sequencing results.The results indicated that the expression level of ALDH4A1 gene in the back fat tissues of both Zang pigs and Yorkshire pigs gradually increased with the increase of age.At 30,90 and 180 days of age,the mRNA expression level of ALDH4A1 gene in Zang pigs was extremely significantly higher than that in Yorkshire pigs(P<0.01).In the 3 kb upstream region of the start codon of ALDH4A1 gene,there were five mutation sites,namely T-1541G,G-1533A,T-1292C,T-1082C and G-1027C.Among them,the mutation T-1541G was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium state in Zang pigs and Yorkshire pigs(P>0.05).However,the mutation sites G-1533A,T-1292C,T-1082C and G-1027C were only in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium state in Zang pig population(P>0.05),and in Hardy-Weinberg imbalance state in Yorkshire pig population(P<0.05).The results indicated that ALDH4A1 gene played a regulatory role in the fat deposition traits of pigs.

关 键 词：藏猪 大约克猪 ALDH4A1 多态性 MRNA表达 

分 类 号：S828.9[农业科学—畜牧学]