基于无损活体测量指标预测肉用褐牛胴体脂肪含量研究  

Study on prediction of carcass fat content in brown beef cattle based on non-destructive live measurement

作　　者：叶治兵 崔繁荣 闫向民[1,2] 马桢[1] 王骁 陈文中[1,2] 苏楠 李豪杰 YE Zhibing;CUI Fanrong;YAN Xiangmin;MA Zhen;WANG Xiao;CHEN Wenzhong;SU Nan;LI Haojie(Institute of Animal Husbandry,Xinjiang Academy of Animal Husbandry,Urumqi 830011,China;College of Animal Sciences,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Yili Vocational and Technical College,Yining 835000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆畜牧科学院畜牧研究所,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]新疆农业大学动物科学学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [3]伊犁职业技术学院,新疆伊宁835000

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2025年第2期55-59,共5页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2022D01A276);新疆褐牛联合育种群体改良提升行动计划课题(2023XJHN-14);新疆维吾尔自治区科技重大专项(2022A02001-1)。

摘　　要：为了探究以活体检测动物体尺和超声波测量指标预测其胴体背膘厚度和胴体眼肌面积的可行性,试验选取30~36月龄屠宰体重为600~800 kg的70头肉用褐牛公牛,对其进行体尺和超声波测定,在屠宰后进行胴体指标测量,并取外脊进行水分、蛋白质、脂肪含量等营养品质测量,将测量结果运用Origin 2021软件进行Spearman关联分析,用SPSS 21.0软件构建以宰前活重、髋宽、坐骨端宽、腹围、后腿围、背膘厚度、眼肌面积、眼肌高度、肌内脂肪含量数据为自变量,胴体背膘厚度、胴体眼肌面积为因变量的回归方程。结果表明:眼肌面积与宰前活重、坐骨端宽、腹围、后腿围、背膘厚度和眼肌高度呈显著正相关(P<0.05);胴体眼肌面积与胴体重、胴体背膘厚度、胴体后腿围呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与胴体深呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。外脊脂肪含量与肌内脂肪含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05),与水分含量呈显著负相关(P<0.05);蛋白质含量与眼肌面积呈显著负相关(P<0.05);眼肌面积与背膘厚度、眼肌高度呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。胴体背膘厚度与宰前活重、髋宽、坐骨端宽、腹围、背膘厚度和眼肌面积呈显著正相关(P<0.05);胴体眼肌面积与宰前活重、坐骨端宽、腹围、后腿围、背膘厚度、眼肌面积、肌内脂肪含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05);胴体背膘厚度和胴体眼肌面积与体尺及超声波测量指标回归方程r 2值分别为0.485,0.698。说明活体体尺指标、超声波测量指标与胴体性状之间具有相关性,利用动物活体检测指标与胴体测定结果建立以活体检测指标预测胴体背膘厚度及胴体眼肌面积回归方程模型具有可行性。In order to explore the feasibility of predicting the back fat thickness and eye muscle area of animal carcass based on animal body size and ultrasonic measurement indexes in vivo,a total of 70 male brown beef cattle aged 30 to 36 months with a slaughtering weight of 600-800 kg were selected for body size and ultrasonic measurement,and then slaughtered for carcass index measurement;nutritional quality such as moisture,protein and fat content of striploin were measured.The measurement results were analyzed by Origin 2021 software for Spearman correlation analysis,and SPSS 21.0 software was used to construct regression equation with pre-slaughter live weight,hip cross height,pin bone width,abdominal circumference,hind leg circumference,backfat thickness,eye muscle area,eye muscle height and intramuscular fat content as independent variables and backfat thickness of carcass and eye muscle area as dependent variables.The results showed that the eye muscle area was significantly positively correlated with live weight before slaughter,pin bone width,abdominal circumference,hind leg circumference,backfat thickness and eye muscle height(P<0.05).Carcass eye muscle area was positively correlated with weight,backfat thickness and hind leg circumference(P<0.05)and negatively correlated with depth(P<0.05).The fat content of striploin was positively correlated with intramuscular fat content(P<0.05),and was negatively correlated with water content(P<0.05).The protein content was negatively correlated with eye muscle area(P<0.05).The eye muscle area was negatively correlated with backfat thickness and eye muscle height(P<0.05).The backfat thickness of carcass was positively correlated with live weight before slaughter,hip cross height,pin bone width,abdominal circumference,backfat thickness and eye muscle area(P<0.05).The carcass eye muscle area was positively correlated with live weight before slaughter,hip cross height,abdominal circumference,hind leg circumference,backfat thickness,eye muscle area and intramuscular fat conten

关 键 词：肉用褐牛 背膘厚度 眼肌面积 超声波测定 回归方程 

分 类 号：S823.8[农业科学—畜牧学]