基于“主题-目标-工具”的耕地保护政策文本分析:框架、方法及其应用  

Analysis of Cultivated Land Protection Policy Texts Based on“Topics-Objectives-Tools”:Framework,Methodology and Its Application

作　　者：张祚 侯文姣 刘晓歌 ZHANG Zuo;HOU Wenjiao;LIU Xiaoge(School of Public Administration,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学公共管理学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《中国土地科学》2024年第12期52-66,共15页China Land Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72174071,72474082);中央高校基本科研业务经费资助项目(CCNU24JC039)。

摘　　要：研究目的:构建基于“主题—目标—工具”框架的Topics-Objectives-Tools(TOT)指数模型量化分析方法,系统解构耕地保护政策文本的内容设计,为政策文本计算与优化提供科学依据。研究方法:文本挖掘和政策文本量化分析。研究结果:(1)政策主题关注度具有从规划约束、用途管制、污染防治再到示范试点依次递减的特征。中央政策主题更为全面系统,河南省和黑龙江省等地方政策根据现实需求聚焦局部核心主题,构成了多元化主题格局。(2)政策目标的优序基于耕地资源现状、配置难度和目标可衡量性等综合确定,总体上依次为数量控制、质量管理和生态保护。中央政策目标之间的协同性和贯通性较强,地方政策目标在执行中相对差异较大。(3)政策工具结构总体上呈现环境型为主、供给型次之与需求型偏少的特点,且创新驱动和金融税收等子工具的应用相对欠缺,激励机制仍需加强。研究结论:“主题—目标—工具”框架和TOT指数模型方法有效揭示了政策文本内容在多层次、多维度的设计量化特征;研究结果为在科学制定耕地保护政策过程中更加注重央地协调、区域差异化、政策目标设计协同以及政策工具适配提供了依据,也为在复杂系统视角下深入探索土地相关政策的计算、模拟和优化提供了支撑。The purpose of this study is to construct a quantitative analysis method based on the framework of“topicsobjectives-tools(TOT)”,known as the TOT index model,to systematically deconstruct the content design of cultivated land protection policy texts,to provide a scientific basis for the calculation and optimization of policy texts.The research methods include text mining and policy textual quantitative analysis.The research results show that:1)the attention to policy topics is characterized by a decreasing order from planning constraints,use regulation,pollution prevention and pilot and demonstration projects.The central policy topics are more comprehensive and systematic,while local policies in provinces,such as Henan and Heilongjiang,focus on the specific topics according to realistic demand,forming a diversified topical pattern of cultivated land protection policies.2)The prioritization of policy objectives is comprehensively determined based on factors such as the status of cultivated land development,the difficulty of resource allocation,and the measurability of the objectives,with the overall order being quantity control,quality management,and ecological protection.There is greater synergy and coherence between central policy objectives,and relatively greater variation in the implementation of local policy objectives.3)The policy tool structure primarily features environmentoriented tools,followed by supply-oriented tools,with demand-oriented tools being relatively less prevalent.Additionally,the application of sub-tools such as innovation-driven and financial tax tools is somewhat lacking,and the incentive mechanism still needs to be strengthened.In conclusion,the“topics-objectives-tools”framework and TOT index model effectively reveal the multi-level and multi-dimensional quantitative characteristics of policy texts’content design.The research results provide a basis for the coordination of central and local governments,regional differentiation,synergistic design of policy objectives and adaptati

关 键 词：TOT指数模型 耕地保护 政策主题 政策目标 政策工具 

分 类 号：F301.0[经济管理—产业经济]