防除冰-吸波复合凝胶的制备及多功能优化研究  

Study on Preparation and Multifunctional Optimization of Anti-Deicing-Wave Absorbing Composite Gel

作　　者：师宾 温佳明 刘蕊迪 吴宏景 易贤[3] SHI Bin;WEN Jiaming;LIU Ruidi;WU Hongjing;YI Xian(MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary,NorthwesternPolytechnical University,Xi’an 210016,China;School of Physical Science and Technology,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 210016,China;Key Laboratory of Icing and Anti/De-icing,China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学超常条件材料物理与化学教育部重点实验室,西安710129 [2]西北工业大学物理科学与技术学院,西安710129 [3]中国空气动力研究与发展中心结冰与防除冰重点实验室,四川绵阳621000

出　　处：《空军工程大学学报》2025年第1期10-17,共8页Journal of Air Force Engineering University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51872238,52074227,21806129);中国空气动力研究与发展中心结冰与防除冰重点实验室开放课题资助(IADL20220401);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(3102018zy045,3102019AX11,5000220455);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2017JQ51162020JM-118);西北工业大学研究生实践与创新基金项目(CX2023094)。

摘　　要：防除冰/隐身一体化材料在航空航天、特别是无人机领域具有重要的研究价值和应用潜力。采用硅氧烷偶联反应制备了石墨/硅基凝胶复合材料,研究了石墨添加量对凝胶疏水性、导热性及吸波性能的影响。试验结果表明:当石墨添加量为40%时,硅基凝胶的疏水角为109.3°±2.3°,样品中央的温度为69.6℃(100℃加热60 s),最大拉伸强度为0.5121 MPa,有效吸收带宽6.83 GHz@1.61 mm(9.70~16.53 GHz)。通过对凝胶电导率和缺陷等微观因素的表征,阐明了硅基凝胶疏水、导热、吸波性能内在的耦合机制。该研究为同时实现飞行器的隐身和防除冰功能提供了一种工艺简单的材料设计策略。The integrated materials of anti/de-icing-stealth have important research value and application potential in aerospace,especially in the field of UAV.In this study,graphite/silicon based gel composites were prepared by siloxane coupling reaction.The results show that when the graphite content is 40%,the hydrophobic angle of the silicon based gel is 109.3°±2.3°,the temperature in the center of the sample is 69.6℃(heated at 100℃for 60 s),the maximum tensile strength is 0.5121 MPa and the effective absorption bandwidth is 6.83 GHz@1.61 mm(9.70~16.53 GHz).The intrinsic coupling mechanism of hydrophobic,thermal conductive and microwave absorbing properties of silicon based gel was clarified by characterizing the microscopic factors such as conductivity and defects of gel.This study provides a simple material design strategy for achieving both stealth and anti icing functions of drones simultaneously.

关 键 词：无人机 硅基凝胶 吸波材料 导热 疏水 耦合机制 

分 类 号：V218[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]