钾盐胁迫对‘六妹’羊肚菌(Morchella sextelata)菌丝逆境生理及相应基因表达的影响  

Effects of Potassium Salt Stress on Physiology and Corresponding Gene Expression in the Mycelia of Morchella sextelata

作　　者：李娟[1,2] 宋洁[1,2] 刘晓红[1,2] 王旭[1,3] 李晓红[1,2] LI Juan;SONG Jie;IU Xiaohong;WANG Xu;LI Xiaohong(School of Agriculture,Liaodong University,Dandong,Liaoning 118003;Institute of Advanced Characteristic Agriculture Studies,Liaodong University,Dandong,Liaoning 118001;Institute of Yalu River Basin Studies,Liaodong University,Dandong,Liaoning 118001)

机构地区：[1]辽东学院农学院,辽宁丹东118003 [2]辽东学院现代特色农业研究院,辽宁丹东118001 [3]辽东学院鸭绿江流域研究院,辽宁丹东118001

出　　处：《北方园艺》2025年第3期18-26,共9页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：辽宁省科技计划联合计划(应用基础研究)资助项目(2023JH2/101700214);辽宁省教育厅科学研究资助项目(LJKFZ20220286);辽东学院现代特色农业研究院开放/招标课题资助项目(XDNY20220203);辽东学院鸭绿江流域研究院开放/招标课题资助项目(YLJ20220102)。

摘　　要：以‘六妹’羊肚菌菌丝体为试验材料,采用固体和液体培养法,设置终浓度分别为0、0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5 mol·L^(-1)的KCl处理,研究了钾盐胁迫对羊肚菌菌丝生长特性、生理指标及相应基因表达量的影响,以期为羊肚菌耐盐生理研究及栽培条件优化提供参考依据。结果表明:随培养基中KCl浓度的升高,羊肚菌菌丝的生长受到抑制,表现为菌丝纤细、分枝增多,黄色素增多,无法形成菌核,生长速度下降,生长速度抑制率为23.00%~76.11%。随KCl胁迫浓度的增加,‘六妹’羊肚菌菌丝中的丙二醛(MDA)和过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))含量、抗坏血酸(ASA)和谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量呈现升高趋势。抗氧化酶中的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)和谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性均呈现出先升高后下降的趋势,在0.3 mol·L^(-1)KCl处理下达到最高值。抗氧化酶基因MnSOD、CAT1、GPX和GR的相对表达量先升高后下降,在0.3 mol·L^(-1)KCl处理下达到最大值。综上,钾盐胁迫抑制‘六妹’羊肚菌菌丝生长和菌核形成,加快菌丝老化,促进菌丝体中丙二醛和活性氧含量的增加。在低浓度钾盐胁迫下,羊肚菌菌丝通过调节抗氧化酶关键基因的表达,启动抗氧化酶系统来减少菌丝氧化损伤,而在高浓度钾盐胁迫下,抗氧化酶基因表达量下降,酶活性受到抑制,羊肚菌菌丝体通过提高抗氧化物质ASA和GSH含量应对氧化损伤。The mycelium of Morchella sextelata were selected as the experimental material.Solid and liquid cultures were used,with KCl concentration at final concentrations of 0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5 mol·L^(-1),respectively.The effects of potassium salt stress on the mycelial growth characteristics,physiological indicators,and corresponding gene expression levels were studied,in order to provide reference for the study of salt tolerance physiology and optimization of cultivation conditions of Morchella spp..The results showed that with the increase of KCl concentration,the mycelial growth was inhibited,manifested as slender mycelium,increased branching,increased yellow pigment,inability to form fungal nuclei,and a decrease in growth rate.The inhibition rate of growth rate was 23.00%to 76.11%.With the increase of KCl stress concentration,the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)and hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))increased.The content of antioxidant active substances ascorbic acid(ASA)and glutathione(GSH)also showed an increasing trend.The activities of antioxidant enzymes SOD,CAT,GPX and GR showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,and reached the highest value under 0.3 mol·L^(-1)KCl concentration.The relative expression levels of genes MnSOD,CAT1,GPX,and GR showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,and reached the highest value under 0.3 mol·L^(-1)KCl concentration.Comprehensive analysis showed that potassium salt stress inhibited the mycelial growth and nucleation of M.sextelata,accelerates mycelial aging,and promoted the content of reactive oxygen.Under low concentration potassium salt stress,the mycelium reduced oxidative damage by regulating the expression of key genes involved in antioxidant enzymes and activating the antioxidant enzyme system.However,under high concentration potassium salt stress,the expression level of antioxidant enzyme genes decreases and enzyme activity was inhibited,and the mycelium mainly responds to oxidative damage by increasing the content of antioxidant substances ASA and

关 键 词：钾盐胁迫 羊肚菌 抗氧化酶 基因表达 

分 类 号：S646.7[农业科学—蔬菜学]