化肥减量配施生物菌肥对北方寒区设施越冬茄子生长的影响  

Effects of Reducing Chemical Fertilizer and Applying Bacterial Manure on the Growth of Overwintering Eggplant in Northern Cold Area

作　　者：吴杨焕 刘晓奇 门雪杰 周进 李东方 刘存平 WU Yanghuan;LIU Xiaoqi;MEN Xuejie;ZHOU Jin;LI Dongfang;LIU Cunping(Agricultural Science Institute of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Sixth Agricultural Division,Wujiaqu,Xinjiang 831301;Xinjiang Lyufeng Agricultural Industry Technology Development Co.Ltd.,Wujiaqu,Xinjiang 831301)

机构地区：[1]新疆生产建设兵团第六师农业科学研究所,新疆五家渠831301 [2]新疆绿丰农业产业科技开发有限公司,新疆五家渠831301

出　　处：《北方园艺》2025年第3期34-40,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：新疆生产建设兵团重大科技“揭榜挂帅”计划资助项目(2022AA003);新疆生产建设兵团强企人才计划资助项目(2022CB009-03);新疆生产建设兵团创新人才计划资助项目(2022CB027);新疆兵团第六师科技资助项目(2208)。

摘　　要：以“绿丰1号”茄子为试材,设置化肥减量15%、25%、35%和45%替施生物菌肥4个处理,以全年施用常规化肥(氮磷钾复合肥,N∶P∶K=5∶20∶20)2250 kg·hm^(-2)为对照,研究化肥减量配施生物菌肥对设施越冬茄子生长、产量、果实品质和光合作用的影响,以期为今后的种植生产提供参考依据。结果表明:化肥减量35%并替施等量生物菌肥,即施用三元复合肥1462.5 kg·hm^(-2)+生物菌肥787.5 kg·hm^(-2)的处理能有效增强植株在开花坐果期时的光合作用,增加越冬茄子的长势和产量,并达到最佳投入产出比。Taking'Lyufeng No.1'eggplant as the test material,four treatments were set up with a reduction of 15%,25%,35%,and 45%of chemical fertilizer as a substitute for biological bacterial fertilizer.The conventional chemical fertilizer(nitrogen phosphorus potassium compound fertilizer,N:P:K=5:20:20)applied throughout the year at a rate of 2250 kg·hm^(-2)was used as a control to study the effects of chemical fertilizer reduction combined with biological bacterial fertilizer on the growth,yield,fruit quality,and photosynthesis of facility overwintering eggplants,in order to provide reference for future planting and production.The results showed that reducing chemical fertilizer by35%and replacing it with an equal amount of biological bacterial fertilizer,applying a ternary compound fertilizer of 1462.5 kg·hm^(-2)+biological bacterial fertilizer of 787.5 kg·hm^(-2),could effectively enhance the photosynthesis of plants during flowering and fruiting periods,increase the growth and yield of overwintering eggplants,and achieve the optimal input-output ratio.

关 键 词：日光温室 越冬茄子 化肥减量 光合 生长 产量 

分 类 号：S641.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]