不规则抗体筛查在交叉配血患者中的应用效果及分布特征研究  

The Effect and Distribution of Irregular Antibody Screening in Patients with Crossmatch Blood

作　　者：李美谕 LI Meiyu(Department of Blood Transfusion,Nanping Second Hospital,Nanping,Fujian 354200,China)

机构地区：[1]南平市第二医院输血科,福建南平354200

出　　处：《中国医药指南》2025年第4期110-112,共3页Guide of China Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨不规则抗体筛查在交叉配血患者中的应用效果及分布特征。方法选取南平市第二医院接收的542例进行血液输注患者为对象,案例纳入时间为2022年2月至2024年5月,在所有患者进行交叉配血血液输注前进行不规则抗体筛查,对患者不规则抗体阳性率进行统计,分析不规则抗体阳性影响因素及患者发生输血不良反应情况。结果在542例血液输注治疗患者中,共检出14例不规则抗体阳性,阳性检出率为2.58%。女性、3次及以上输血史及有妊娠史是不规则抗体阳性影响因素,其不规则抗体阳性率高于男性、3次以下输血史及无妊娠史患者(P<0.05);在542例血液输注治疗患者中,共有9例患者发生输血不良反应,发生率为1.66%,整体发生率相对较低。结论在患者实施血液输注前进行不规则抗体检测,再实施交叉配血输注对于保障临床血液输注治疗安全十分关键,可有效减少或避免安全性事故发生。Objective To investigate the application effect and distribution characteristics of irregular antibody screening in patients with cross matching blood.Methods Selecting 542 patients who received blood transfusion at the Second Hospital of Nanping City in our hospital as the subjects,the case inclusion period was from February 2022 to May 2024.Irregular antibody screening was performed before cross-matching blood transfusion for all patients.The positive rate of irregular antibody was statistically analyzed,the distribution of irregular antibody positive,the influencing factors of irregular antibody positive and the adverse reactions of blood transfusion were analyzed.Results A total of 14 irregular antibody positive cases were detected in 542 patients with blood transfusion treatment,the positive detection rate was 2.58%.The positive rate of irregular antibody was higher in women,three or more blood transfusion history and pregnancy history than in men,three blood transfusion history and no pregnancy history(P<0.05).Among 542 patients treated with blood transfusion,9 patients had transfusion adverse reactions,the incidence was 1.66%,and the overall incidence was relatively low.Conclusions Irregular antibody detection before blood transfusion and cross-matching blood transfusion are crucial to ensure the safety of clinical blood transfusion treatment,which can effectively reduce or avoid the occurrence of safety accidents.

关 键 词：血液输注 交叉配血 不规则抗体筛查 抗体阳性 免疫溶血性 输血反应 

分 类 号：R446.6[医药卫生—诊断学]