发达国家老年人创业现状及支持政策研究——基于日本、韩国、德国、芬兰的案例  

Research on the Entrepreneurship Status and Support Policies for Senior Citizens in Developed Countries——Based on Cases from Japan,South Korea,Germany,and Finland

作　　者：王佳桐 王畅 施永川[2] WANG Jiatong;WANG Chang;SHI Yongchuan(Offi ce of Academic Research,Zhejiang Yuexiu University,Shaoxing,Zhejiang 312000;College of Innovation and Entrepreneurship,Wenzhou University,Wenzhou,Zhejiang 325035)

机构地区：[1]浙江越秀外国语学院科研处,浙江绍兴312000 [2]温州大学创新创业学院,浙江温州325035

出　　处：《中国劳动关系学院学报》2025年第1期103-112,共10页Journal of China University of Labor Relations

基　　金：浙江省哲学社会科学规划课题“应用型本科院校转型发展职业本科教育的理论基础与推进策略研究”(项目编号:23NDJC323YB);教育部高校国别和区域研究备案中心四川师范大学日韩研究院2024年度项目“日韩创业型大学支持政策与发展模式研究”(项目编号:2024RHZC005)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：老年人创业是开发老年人力资源、推进“积极老龄化”、激发银发经济活力的有力抓手。本研究通过解析四个发达国家的老年人创业现状及创业支持政策,梳理老年人创业支持政策的国际经验,发现典型发达国家老年人创业支持体系具有突出特征:政府政策发挥主导作用,政策成效受到创业教育培训、专项资金支持、社会文化氛围辅助作用的影响。借鉴发达国家经验,我国应健全老年人创业支持政策体系,充分发挥政策的牵引作用;增加普惠性老年人创业培训供给,强化创业教育的驱动作用;营造老年人创业友好环境,提高社会文化氛围的推动作用。Senior citizen entrepreneurship is a powerful means to harness elderly human resources,promote"active aging",and invigorate the silver economy.By analyzing the entrepreneurial status of senior citizens and supporting policies in four developed countries,this study outlines international experiences in supporting senior citizen entrepreneurship.A notable feature of the support system in typical developed countries is the dominant role of government policies,which are complemented by entrepreneurial education and training,special funding support,and a conducive social cultural atmosphere.Drawing from the experience of developed countries,China should improve its support policy system for senior citizen entrepreneurship,fully leverage the guiding role of policies,increase the availability of inclusive entrepreneurial training for seniors,strengthen the driving role of entrepreneurial education,and create a friendly environment for senior entrepreneurs to enhance the driving force of social culture.

关 键 词：老年人创业 支持政策 发达国家 

分 类 号：F241.4[经济管理—劳动经济]