泸州市大气PM_(2.5)浓度特征及成因分析  

Analysis of PM_(2.5)Concentration Characteristics and Formation Mechanisms in Luzhou City

作　　者：孙文欣 景雪雪 魏阳冰 尉鹏[1] 吕玲玲 褚旸晰 朱仁成[2] 胡京南[1] SUN Wenxin;JING Xuexue;WEI Yangbing;WEI Peng;LÜLingling;CHU Yangxi;ZHU Rencheng;HU Jingnan(Atmospheric Environment Research Institute,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;School of Ecology and Environment,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;School of the Environment and Safety Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院大气环境研究所,北京100012 [2]郑州大学生态与环境学院,河南郑州450001 [3]江苏大学环境与安全工程学院,江苏镇江212013

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2025年第2期253-261,共9页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2022YFC3700605);郑州大学2023年度基础研究(自然科学)培育项目(No.JC23410024)。

摘　　要：近年来,泸州市PM_(2.5)污染特征明显。为探明泸州市PM_(2.5)污染成因,基于在线监测数据分析2018-2023年大气PM_(2.5)浓度变化趋势,并耦合气象数据探明一次PM_(2.5)重污染事件的形成机制,采用PMF模型解析重污染期间PM_(2.5)的来源。结果表明:①2018-2023年泸州市PM_(2.5)年均浓度呈先降低后升高的趋势,2023年PM_(2.5)年均浓度最高,为43.8μg/m^(3)。②2023年12月21日-2024年1月3日泸州市发生了一次典型的PM_(2.5)重污染事件,其间多次出现PM_(2.5)浓度快速攀升现象,小时峰值高达211μg/m^(3)。在大陆高压脊增强的环流背景下,泸州市维持温暖(平均温度为9℃)、潮湿(平均相对湿度为84%)的静稳天气,且偏北气流加强了东北方向的区域输送,又因南部山脉地形阻挡导致了污染物的积聚,是此时期PM_(2.5)浓度迅速升高并达到重度污染的主要原因。③重污染期间二次源(26.5%)、交通源(25.8%)、燃烧源(23.8%)和工业源(17.6%)是PM_(2.5)的主要来源。研究显示,高压脊天气系统导致的暖湿、小风、强逆温层及局地环流是2023年12月21日-2024年1月3日泸州市PM_(2.5)重污染过程的重要原因。In recent years,Luzhou City has experienced significant PM_(2.5)pollution characteristics.To investigate the causes of PM_(2.5)pollution in Luzhou,this study analyzed the trends of atmospheric PM_(2.5)concentrations from 2018 to 2023 based on online monitoring data.By coupling meteorological data,we explored the formation mechanism of a severe PM_(2.5)pollution episode.The PMF model was employed to analyze the sources of PM_(2.5)during the heavy pollution period.The formation mechanism of a severe PM_(2.5)pollution event was analyzed using the meteorological data,and the sources of PM_(2.5)during this severe pollution period were identified through the positive matrix factorization(PMF)model.The results indicated that:(1)From 2018 to 2023,the annual average PM_(2.5)concentration in Luzhou exhibited a trend of initially decreasing and then increasing.In 2023,the annual average PM_(2.5)concentration peaked at 43.8μg/m^(3).(2)A typical high PM_(2.5)pollution event occurred in Luzhou from December 21st,2023,to January 3rd,2024,during which there were several episodes of rapidly increasing PM_(2.5)concentrations,with hourly peaks reaching as high as 211μg/m^(3).Under the influence of an enhanced circulation of the continental high-pressure ridge,Luzhou experienced stable weather conditions,characterized by warm temperatures(average of 9℃)and high humidity(average relative humidity of 84%).Additionally,the northerly winds intensifiedregional transport from the northeast,and the topographical barrier created by the southern mountains led to the accumulation ofpollutants.This combination of factors was the primary cause of the rapid increase in PM_(2.5)concentration,resulting in severe pollutionduring this period.(3)The secondary sources(26.5%),traffic sources(25.8%),combustion sources(23.8%),and industrial sources(17.6%)were the primary contributors to PM_(2.5)during the heavy pollution period.Studies have shown that the warm,humid weather,lightwinds,strong inversion layer,and local circulation caused by the high-pr

关 键 词：PM_(2.5) 泸州市 重污染天气 气象影响 来源解析 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]