室内污染与眼表疾病:关键污染物及其作用机制  

Indoor Pollution and Ocular Surface Diseases:Associated Contaminants and Underlying Mechanism

作　　者：彭吾光 包亚博 熊梅 刘海 杨极 向萍 PENG Wuguang;BAO Yabo;XIONG Mei;LIU Hai;YANG Ji;XIANG Ping(Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Wetland Conservation,Restoration and Ecological Services,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;National Plateau Wetlands Research Center,School of Ecology and Environment,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University,Kunming 650032,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学,云南省高原湿地保护修复与生态服务重点实验室,云南昆明650224 [2]西南林业大学生态与环境学院,国家高原湿地研究中心,云南昆明650224 [3]云南大学附属医院,云南昆明650032

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2025年第2期428-436,共9页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.21906134,82460201);云南省兴滇英才计划青年人才项目(No.YNQR-QNRC-2018-049)。

摘　　要：关于室内环境污染对人体健康影响的研究多关注于呼吸系统和心血管系统,而对于眼表健康的关注较少。本文聚焦于室内污染与眼表疾病,通过总结国内外的相关研究,综述了典型室内环境污染物对眼表健康的影响,总结了其病理机制,提出目前研究的局限性,并对未来的研究提出展望。结果表明:室内环境中含有各种污染物,包括颗粒物、有机污染物、烟草烟雾、油烟以及微塑料、阻燃剂、全氟和多氟烷基物质等新污染物,这些物质经眼表暴露或经循环系统进入人体后会诱导氧化应激和炎症介质产生,改变细胞周期,引起角膜和结膜损伤,破坏泪膜稳定性,导致多种角结膜疾病,如干眼病(症)、结膜炎、翼状胬肉等。目前该领域的研究局限性在于许多眼表疾病的病理机制尚不完全明确,污染物的识别并不全面;以往实验性的研究通常基于单一污染物开展,但实际上室内污染物来源复杂,种类繁多。未来的研究应考虑多因素复合暴露并考虑各因素间相互作用,利用暴露组学和多组学联合分析,精准识别污染物并探明其与眼表疾病的关系。Environmental pollution and its adverse effects on human health have garnered significant attention from the scientific community.While current studies primarily focus on the detrimental effects of indoor pollution on human respiratory and cardiovascular systems,less emphasis has been placed on its impact on ocular surface health.This review concentrates on the relationship between indoor pollution and human ocular surface diseases,drawing on both international and domestic studies to assess the influence of typical indoor pollutants on human ocular surface health and to discuss their underlying pathological mechanisms.It also identifies limitations in existing research and suggests future research directions.Our findings show that various indoor pollutants-including particulate matter,organic pollutants,tobacco smoke,cooking fumes,and emerging contaminants such as microplastics,flame retardants,and per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)are frequently detected in indoor environments.Exposure to these pollutions has been associated with oxidative stress,inflammatory response,corneal and conjunctival damage,and disruption of tear film stability in human cells or animal models.These mechanisms are likely contributors to various human ocular surface diseases,including dry eye syndrome,conjunctivitis,and pterygium.However,the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying pollutant-induced corneal diseases remain not fully understood,as most existing studies focus on individual pollutants.Collectively,due to the coexistence of multiple pollutants in indoor environments,future research should consider multifactorial interactions,employ expotomics to accurately identify pollutants,and explore the relationships between these factors and ocular surface diseases.

关 键 词：室内污染 眼表健康 病理机制 

分 类 号：X503.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程] R126.8[医药卫生—环境卫生学]