渭河高原鳅线粒体基因组特征及其系统发育分析  

Mitochondrial Genome Characteristics and Phylogenetic Analysis of Triplophysa weiheensis

作　　者：牛依萌 刘思嘉[1] 田菲[1] 冯晨光 赵凯[1] NIU Yimeng;LIU Sijia;TIAN Feil;FENG Chenguang;ZHAO Kai(Qinghai Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics,Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining,810008;College of Life Sciences,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100049;School of Ecology and Environment,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi'an,710072)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,青海省动物生态基因组学重点实验室,西宁810008 [2]中国科学院大学生命科学学院,北京100049 [3]西北工业大学生态环境学院,西安710072

出　　处：《基因组学与应用生物学》2024年第11期1813-1825,共13页Genomics and Applied Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32071489);青海省农业农村厅项目“长江黄河青海流域水生生物完整性指数评价及资源评估”共同资助。

摘　　要：渭河高原鳅(Triplophysa weiheensis)是分布于黄河上游的特色鱼类,本研究旨在研究渭河高原鳅线粒体基因组的结构特征,并阐述该物种在黄河水系高原鳅中的系统发育地位。本研究采用高通量测序技术获得渭河高原鳅线粒体基因组全序列,并基于线粒体基因组全序列构建高原鳅属系统发育树。结果表明,渭河线粒体基因组序列全长为16570 bp,包含13个蛋白质编码基因、22个tRNA基因、2个rRNA基因及2个非编码区(D-loop和O_(L)),其中D-loop区A+T含量最高(65.87%)。蛋白质编码基因中,12个基因均以典型的ATG为起始密码子,仅cox1基因以特殊的GTG为起始密码子。21个tRNA基因呈典型的三叶草结构,仅tRNA~(Ser(GCU))因缺失DHU臂无法折叠形成典型的三叶草结构。利用最大似然法(maximum likelihood method,ML)基于线粒体基因组全序列构建的系统发育树显示,渭河高原鳅与斯氏高原鳅(Triplophysa stoliczkai)及赛丽高原鳅(Triplophysa sellaefer)聚为同一小分支,三者的亲缘关系较近。本研究补充了渭河高原鳅线粒体基因组的基础数据,有助于加深对高原鳅属的系统进化关系的理解;理清了高原鳅不同物种间的进化关系,为后续开展高原鱼类适应进化、选择压力等研究夯实了基础。Triplophysa weiheensis is a special fish distributed in the upstream of the Yellow River.The current study attempted to depict the structural characteristics of the mitochondrial genome of Triplophysa weiheensis and to explain the phylogenetic relationship of this species in Triplophysa.The high-throughput sequencing technology was applied to obtain the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of T.weiheensis.Furthermore,a phylogenetic tree of T.weiheensis and 13 Triplophysa fishes was constructed based on the mitochondrial genome using the maximum likelihood method(ML).The results showed that the total length of the T.weihensis mitochondrial genome was 16570 bp,including 13 protein-encoding genes,22 tRNA genes,2 rRNA gene,and 2 non-encoding areas(D-loop and O,).The D-loop region had the highest A+T content(65.87%).ATG were the most common start codons in the protein-coding gene,and the coxl gene was the only exclusion starting with GTG.Among the 22 tRNA genes,21 tRNA genes exhibited a typical clover structure,while tRNA^(Ser(GCU))was in the absence of a DHU arm,leading to the lack of the typical clover shape.The phylogenetic tree constructed based on protein-coding genes using the maximum likelihood method(ML)demonstrated that T.weiheensis was closely related to Triplophysa stoliczkai and Triplophysa sellaefer.This study supplements the basic data of mitochondrial genome of T.weiheensis,which is helpful to deepen the understanding of the phylogenetic relationship of Triplophysa.The evolutionary relationship between different species of Triplophysa was clarified,which laid a solid foundation for the subsequent research on adaptive evolution and selection pressure of Plateau fish.

关 键 词：渭河高原鳅 线粒体基因组 结构特征 系统发育 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]