藏族口头文本的叙事与意义——热贡“萨朵”赞词的宗教学解读  

Narrative and Meaning of Tibetan Oral Texts:A Religious Interpretation of the Praise of“Sa bstod”in Reb-gong Area

作　　者：当增吉 bsTan vdzin skyid

机构地区：[1]青海民族大学民族学与社会学学院,西宁810007

出　　处：《中国藏学》2024年第6期174-184,219-220,共13页China Tibetology

基　　金：青海省“昆仑英才·创新创业”拔尖人才支持计划项目阶段性成果

摘　　要：人类对于自己居住空间的理解带有某种圣化的情节,比如土地象征着一个宇宙,而“我们的世界”总是在宇宙的中心,透过这个中心得以实现与神圣的接近。在热贡当地文化里,空间的神圣化方式之一是通过口头演说“萨朵”(·地域赞)赞词来实现的。作为一种传统地方性知识的口头传承方式,“萨朵”赞词和表演本身都蕴含着丰富多样的文化内涵,是当地人认知个体与集体、地方和宇宙的重要方式,更是当地人积极主动对其生存的地方施加有益影响的一种方式。文章以宗教学理论分析藏族“萨朵”这一古老的口头文本,认为赞词、演说者、观众、场域等诸要素共同构成了独特的整体性地方文化,呈现出自然地理知识与宗教信仰相结合的传统认知文化。Human understanding of their living space is often accompanied by a certain sense of sanctification.Just as the land symbolizes a universe,“our world”is always at the center of the universe,and through this center,people can achieve proximity to the divine.In the local culture of Reb-gong area,one of the ways to sanctify space is through the oral recitation of“Sabstod”(regional praise).As an oral inheritance method of traditional local knowledge,both the contents of“Sabstod”and their performances contain rich and diverse cultural connotations.They are an important means for local people to understand the individual and the collective,the local and the universe,and more importantly,a way for local people to actively exert a beneficial influence on the place where they live.This article analyzes the ancient Tibetan oral text of“Sa bstod”from the perspective of religious theories,arguing that elements such as thepraise,the speaker,the audience,and the field together form a unique holistic local culture,presenting a traditional cognitive culture that combines natural geographical knowledge and religious beliefs.

关 键 词：“萨朵”(地域赞) 赞词 热贡 宗教文化景观 中心 

分 类 号：I299[文学—中国文学]