晚清西藏档案中的民事婚姻纠纷案与司法判决探析——以《清代西藏地方档案文献选编》为中心  

An Analysis of Civil Marriage Dispute Cases and Judicial Judgments in Tibetan Archives of the Late Qing Dynasty:Focusing on the Selected Documents from the Local Archives of Xizang in the Qing Dynasty

作　　者：永中久美 赤列 g.Yung-drung vJigs-med;vPhrin las

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国学院西域历史语言研究所,北京100872 [2]中国民族语文翻译局(中心),北京100080

出　　处：《中国藏学》2024年第6期127-135,2,217-218,共12页China Tibetology

摘　　要：清代西藏地方政府档案中婚姻民事纠纷类档案相对较少,相关研究也因此较为薄弱,所幸2017年西藏自治区档案馆编译出版的《清代西藏地方档案文献选编》(全8册)中有11件档案属于此类内容,反映了晚清西藏不同阶层发生的各类婚姻纠纷案与噶厦政府采取的相应司法处理。其中有百姓禀状,也有政府批示和作为“息讼止争”的具结裁决,比较完整地体现了晚清西藏民事婚姻纠纷案件的形成原因到司法申诉和调解判决过程。文章从档案的性质类别和行文格制入手,对案件形态和具结判决进行归类和探讨,同时对档案所反映的晚清西藏社会面貌和正在发生的结构性变化进行尝试性归纳和梳理。In the archives of the local government of Xizang during the Qing Dynasty,there are relatively few files related to civil marriage disputes,and thus relevant research is relatively weak.Fortunately,among the Selected Documents from the Local Archives of Xizang in the Qing Dynasty(8 volumes in total)compiled and published by the Archives of the Xizang Autonomous Region in 2017,11 files fall into this category.These files reflect various marriage dispute cases that occurred among different social strata in Xizang during the late Qing Dynasty and the corresponding judicial measures taken by the local government.They include petitions from common people,government instructions,and conclusive verdicts for“resolving disputes and ending litigation”,which comprehensively demonstrate the process from the causes of civil marriage disputes in late-Qing Xizang to judicial appeals,mediations,and judgments.Starting from the nature,category,and writing format of these archives,this article classifies and explores the forms of cases and conclusive judgments.At the same time,it tentatively summarizes and combs through the social features of late-Qing Xizang and the ongoing structural changes reflected in these archives.

关 键 词：西藏地方政府 档案 婚姻纠纷 甘结 调解 判决 

分 类 号：K206.3[历史地理—历史学]