西藏地方出兵配合清廷平定瞻对工布朗结的原因  

Reasons for the Tibetan Local Troops’Cooperation with the Qing Court in Suppressing mGon-po rNamrgyal of lCags-mdud

作　　者：刘锡钺 LIU Xi-yue

机构地区：[1]四川大学中国藏学研究所、历史文化学院,成都610064

出　　处：《中国藏学》2024年第6期97-106,216-217,共12页China Tibetology

基　　金：四川师范大学铸牢中华民族共同体意识研究基地2024年“揭榜挂帅”项目“四川藏彝走廊各民族交往交流交融历史与探索实践”(项目编号:CSD24-27)阶段性成果

摘　　要：清道光至同治年间,瞻对土司工布朗结势力坐大,严重挑战了我西藏地方政府与清廷中央的权威。西藏地方政府出兵配合清廷,双方共同平定了工布朗结。文章认为,推动西藏地方出兵的原因在于:首先,工布朗结不尊重佛教并极度蔑视西藏地方政府;其次,工布朗结阻断川藏大道使内地茶叶无法输入西藏,严重影响了藏族人民的生计;再次,西藏地方与清廷有稳固的政治隶属关系,出兵意味着服从清廷的谕令并认同其统治。西藏地方政府配合清廷平定瞻对的历史事实表明,加强地方与中央政府的联系为配合的重要性和必要性。此举不仅快速疏通了进出藏的道路,稳定了西南边疆,恢复了西藏与内地间的经贸往来,还加强了西藏地方政府对清廷的认同,体现了中央与地方利益相通、荣辱与共的历史事实。From the Daoguang to Tongzhi reigns of the Qing Dynasty,the power of mGon-po rNam-rgyal,the chieftain of lCags-mdud,grew significantly,severely challenging the authority of the local government and the central government of the Qing Dynasty.The local government dispatched troops to cooperate with the Qing court,and together they suppressed mGon-po rNam-rgyal.This paper argues that the reasons for the local government’s military action are as follows:Firstly,mGon-po rNam-rgyal showed no respect for Buddhism and held extreme contempt for the local government.Secondly,mGon-po rNam-rgyal blocked the Sichuan-Xizang route,preventing the import of tea from the interior into Xizang,which seriously affected the livelihoods of the Tibetan people.Thirdly,there was a stable political subordination relationship between the local government and the central government of the Qing Dynasty.Sending troops meant obeying the imperial orders of the Qing court and recognizing its rule.The historical fact that the local government cooperated with the Qing court to suppress lCags-mdud demonstrates the importance and necessity of strengthening the connection between the local government and the central government.This not only quickly cleared the roads in and out of Xizang,stabilized the southwestern border,and restored the economic and trade exchanges between Xizang and the interior,but also enhanced the local government’s recognition of the Qing court,reflecting the historical fact that the central and local governments shared common interests and a common fate.

关 键 词：西藏地方政府 清廷 瞻对 工布朗结 川藏大道 

分 类 号：K249.305[历史地理—历史学]