基于ACFM的压力容器小接管缺陷检测仿真与实验  

Simulation and experiment of defect detection for the pressure vessel small nozzle based on ACFM

作　　者：吴明畅 孙明[2] 郑贤英 徐航 刘景然 WU Mingchang;SUN Ming;ZHENG Xianying;XU Hang;LIU Jingran(PipeChina West⁃East Gas Pipeline Company,Shanghai 200122,China;China Special Equipment Testing and Research Institute,Beijing 100029,China;PipeChina Central China Company,Wuhan Hubei 430000,China;College of Safety and 0cean Engineering,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249,China;Key Labor of Oil and Gas Safety and Emergency Technology,Ministry of Emergency Management,Beijing 102249,China)

机构地区：[1]国家石油天然气管网集团有限公司西气东输分公司,上海200122 [2]中国特种设备检测研究院,北京100029 [3]国家石油天然气管网集团有限公司华中分公司,湖北武汉430000 [4]中国石油大学(北京)安全与海洋工程学院,北京102249 [5]应急管理部油气生产安全与应急技术重点实验室,北京102249

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2024年第S1期141-147,共7页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

摘　　要：为了解决因压力容器小口径接管结构特殊性而易发生失效的问题,减轻小口径接管在作业过程中与压力容器焊接的焊缝周围极易产生裂纹、腐蚀等严重缺陷的极大安全隐患,研究一种基于交流电磁场检测技术(ACFM),适用于压力容器小接管焊缝裂纹缺陷检测的新型探头;利用SolidWorks建立压力容器小接管几何模型;进行COMSOL Multiphysics缺陷检测仿真分析;重点探讨磁芯尺寸、电流大小、线圈匝数、提离高度等参数对检测的影响,基于以上优化后的参数开发小接管缺陷检测系统,搭建实验平台,实现集缺陷检测-信号传输-数据处理为一体的ACFM缺陷检测系统。研究结果表明:在磁芯高度14 mm、长度24 mm、厚度5 mm;拔模度0.5°;激励电流1.5 A;线圈匝数28匝;提离高度0.6 mm的参数下,检测尺寸为长4 mm,宽0.2 mm,深0.8 mm的横向裂纹缺陷,缺陷长度仿真结果为3.9 mm,相对误差为2.5%;缺陷实验检测长度为4.14 mm,相对误差为3.5%。研究结果可为该技术在其他金属结构的损伤检测中推广提供参考。In order to solve the problem of easy failure due to the special structure of the small diameter nozzle of the pressure vessel,and reduce the great safety risks of cracks,corrosion and other serious defects around the welding seam of the small diameter nozzle welded with the pressure vessel during the operation process,a new type of probe based on alternating current electromagnetic field measurement(ACFM)is studied to detect the weld cracks of the small nozzle in pressure vessels.The geometric model of the pressure vessel small nozzle was established with SolidWorks.COMSOL Multiphysics defect detection simulation analysis was conducted;the influence of the magnetic core size,current size,coil turns,lift height and other parameters on the detection was discussed.Based on the above optimized parameters,a small nozzle defect detection system was developed,an experimental platform was built,and an ACFM defect detection system integrating defect detection,signal transmission and data processing was realized.The results show that with the core height of 14 mm,length of 24 mm,thickness of 5 mm;drawing modulus of 0.5 degrees;excitation current of 1.5 A;coil turnsof 28;when the lifting height is 0.6 mm,the transverse crack defects of length of 4 mm,width of 0.2 mm and depth of 0.8 mm are detected.The simulation result of defect length is 3.9 mm,and the relative error is 2.5%.The defect detection length is 4.14 mm and the relative error is 3.5%.The results can provide references for the technique to be extended to the damage detection of other metal structures.

关 键 词：交流电磁场检测技术(ACFM) 压力容器小口径接管 角焊缝 缺陷检测 电磁场有限元仿真 

分 类 号：TE96[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]