基于平衡电磁技术的管道内表面裂纹检测研究  

Research on the pipeline inner surface crack detection based on balance electromagnetic technology

作　　者：田野 张杰 陈海艳 李坤 TIAN Ye;ZHANG Jie;CHEN Haiyan;LI Kun(PipeChina West Pipeline Co.Ltd,Urumqi Xinjiang 830010,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory for Transportation Safety of Multi⁃Medium Pipelines,Urumqi Xinjiang 830010,China)

机构地区：[1]国家管网集团西部管道有限责任公司,新疆乌鲁木齐830010 [2]新疆多介质管道安全输送重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830010

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2024年第S1期98-105,共8页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

摘　　要：为解决长输油气管道内表面裂纹缺陷检测难、效率低等问题,通过分析管道内表面裂纹缺陷的检测机理及互感模型,开发1套基于平衡电磁技术的管道内表面裂纹检测系统,该检测系统包括平衡电磁技术检测传感器、直接数字式频率合成(direct digital synthesizer,DDS)信号发生器、功率放大器、多通道高速采集电路、传输电路等。利用该系统对含裂纹缺陷的Φ457管道进行牵拉试验,研究不同尺寸裂纹缺陷对检测信号的影响规律。研究结果表明:检测信号幅值及峰谷间距随周向裂纹宽度的增加而增大;检测信号峰谷间距随轴向裂纹长度增加而增大;检测信号幅值随周向及轴向裂纹深度增加而增大;检测系统对于开口宽度超过0.1 mm,深度大于1.31 mm的裂纹基本上均能有效检测,并且可基于检测信号的分布特征对裂纹角度进行判别,即平衡电磁技术可准确量化裂纹尺寸和区分裂纹角度。研究结果可为管道表面裂纹检测提供新的技术参考方案。In order to solve the problem of difficult and inefficient detection of the inner surface crack defects in long⁃distance oil and gas pipelines,a pipeline inner surface crack detection system based on balanced electromagnetic technology was developed by analyzing the detection mechanism and mutual inductance model of pipeline inner surface crack defects.The detection system includes balanced electromagnetic technology detection sensors,direct digital synthesizer(DDS)signal generators,power amplifiers,multi⁃channel high⁃speed acquisition circuits,transmission circuits,etc.This system is used to conduct tensile tests on aΦ457 pipeline with crack defects,and the influence of different sizes of crack defects on the detection signal is studied.The results indicate that the amplitude and peak valley spacing of the detection signal increase with the increase of circumferential crack width;the peak valley spacing of the detection signal increases with the length of the axial crack;the amplitude of the detection signal increases with the depth of circumferential and axial cracks;the detection system can effectively detect cracks with an opening width exceeding 0.1mm and a depth greater than 1.31mm,and the angle of the crack can be determined based on the distribution characteristics of the detection signal,which means that balanced electromagnetic technology can accurately quantify crack size and distinguish crack angles.The research results provides a new technical solution for pipeline surface crack detection.

关 键 词：管道内表面裂纹 平衡电磁技术 裂纹检测系统 高速采集电路 牵拉试验 裂纹角度 

分 类 号：TE973.6[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]