Measurement of thin⁃walled tube thickness of multi⁃angle ultrasonic resonance method  

多角度超声共振法的薄壁管壁厚测量

作　　者：LU Yifei YANG Haojie ZOU Xicong WEI Yonggeng SHI Yong 陆逸飞;杨浩杰;邹喜聪;魏永庚;石勇(黑龙江大学机电工程学院,哈尔滨150080;江苏理工学院机械工程学院,江苏常州213001)

机构地区：[1]College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150001,China [2]School of Mechanical Engineering,Jiangsu University of Technology,Changzhou 213001,Jiangsu,China

出　　处：《黑龙江大学工程学报(中英俄文)》2024年第4期30-39,共10页Journal of Engineering of Heilongjiang University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51475100);黑龙江省高校基本科研业务费黑龙江大学专项资金项目(2023-KYYWF-1461)

摘　　要：Due to the overlapping of echoes from the inner and outer walls of thin⁃walled tubes,thickness measurement based on ultrasonic time⁃of⁃flight method is difficult to apply.Therefore,the ultrasonic resonance method has become an effective mean of measuring thin⁃walled tube thickness.The resonance method often demands a perpendicular incidence of ultrasound,but having the ultrasonic probe strictly perpendicular to the measured surface is challenging for installation reasons.The ultrasonic resonance model by considering ultrasonic inclination angles is derived.The model explains that an inclination angle theoretically does not affect the calculation results of measuring thin thickness.However,increasing the inclination angle reduces the reflection coefficient,resulting in a shorter length of the effective reflected wave,thus reducing the calculation accuracy.Additionally,the research evaluated the ultrasonic echo from the tubes of different diameters and found that if ultrasound transmits with an inclined incidence,smaller diameter tubes result in lower normal reflection coefficients,leading to poorer measurement accuracy.The research simulated and tested the tilted⁃incidence resonant method based on the subject of water⁃steel⁃air,and the results prove the correctness of the model.由于薄壁管内外壁回波的重叠,基于飞行时间法的壁厚测量难以应用。因此,超声共振法成为测量薄壁管壁厚的有效手段。共振法通常要求超声波垂直入射被测物体,但由于安装等原因,超声探头严格垂直于测量表面是具有挑战性的。考虑了超声倾斜角度,推导出超声共振模型。模型解释了倾斜角度理论上不会影响薄壁厚度测量的计算结果。然而,增大倾斜角度可降低反射系数,导致有效反射波的长度缩短,从而降低计算精度。此外,研究还评估了不同直径管道的超声回波,结果表明当超声波以倾斜入射的方式传播,较小直径的管道导致较低的法向反射系数,导致测量精度较差。该研究基于水-钢-空气介质模拟并测试了倾斜入射共振法,结果证明了模型的正确性。

关 键 词：tube wall thickness ultrasonic resonance oblique incidence measurement accuracy 

分 类 号：TH878[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]