2017-2021年我国公立医疗机构神经系统用药配备及短缺情况分析  

Analysis and suggestions on the allocation and shortage of nervous system drugs in public medical institutions in China from 2017 to 2021

作　　者：李晓曦 庄伟[1] 冯英楠 邢晓璇[1] 王之舟[1] 王可[1] 董宪喆 张兰[1] LI Xiaoxi;ZHUANG Wei;FENG Yingnan;XING Xiaoxuan;WANG Zhizhou;WANG Ke;DONG Xianzhe;ZHANG Lan(Department of Pharmacy,Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders,Beijing 100053)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学宣武医院药学部、国家老年疾病临床医学研究中心,北京100053

出　　处：《临床药物治疗杂志》2024年第11期63-66,72,共5页Clinical Medication Journal

基　　金：北京市医院管理中心“登峰”人才培养计划(DFL20190803);国家卫健委神经系统用药供应保障项目。

摘　　要：目的 分析2017-2021年我国公立医疗机构神经系统用药的配备及短缺情况,为完善神经系统用药供应保障体系提出建议。方法 提取全国医药信息网1036家二、三级公立医疗机构神经系统用药配备的品种数、短缺药上报频次及类别等信息进行统计分析。结果 5年间全国1036家公立医疗机构神经系统用药配备的品种数达258~265种,占所有配备药品品种数的11.3%~11.5%,二、三级公立医疗机构的重合配备率均>90%。其中基本药物配备的平均品种数为58.2种,占基本药物总量的22.3%;国家医保药品配备的平均品种数为167.4种,占神经系统用药的64.1%。5年来平均每年上报药品短缺6419次(三级医疗机构约占80%),占短缺药上报总次数的12.1%。2018年后总上报次数呈降低趋势,2021年较2018年降低37.7%。19个亚类均有短缺现象发生,短缺品种达255种,短缺主要原因为原料短缺或垄断(28.49%)。其中抗癫痫药、抗精神病药、抗抑郁药、抗焦虑药及抗痴呆药五大神经系统用药共分别上报3318、3042、2365、1256和385次。结论2017—2021年期间,全国公立医疗机构的神经系统用药存在短缺问题,建议相关卫生主管部门建立神经系统疾病用药可替代目录及应急应对机制,进一步加强神经系统用药的供应保障。Objective To analyze the allocation and shortage of nervous system medications in public medical institutions in China from 2017 to 2021,and to propose suggestions for improving the supply and guarantee system for nervous system medications.Methods Data on the number of medication varieties,shortage reporting frequency,and categories of nervous system medications from 1036 second-and third-tier public medical institutions were extracted from the National Medical Information Network and statistically analyzed.Results Over the 5-year period,the number of nervous system medication varieties in 1036 public medical institutions ranged from 258 to 265,accounting for 11.3%to 11.5%of the total number of medication varieties,with a matching rate of over 90%between second-and third-tier public medical institutions.The average number of essential drugs was 58.2,accounting for 22.3%of the total number of essential drugs.The average number of national health insurance-covered medications was 167.4,accounting for 64.1%of nervous system drugs.On average,drug shortages were reported 6419 times per year,accounting for 12.1%of the total shortage reports.After 2018,the total number of reports showed a decreasing trend,with a 37.7%reduction in 2021 compared to 2018.Shortage occurred in all 19 subcategories,with 255 varieties in short supply.Among them,antiepileptic drugs,antipsychotic drugs,antidepressants drugs,anti-anxiety drugs,and anti-dementia drugs,the top five nervous system medications,were reported 3318,3042,2365,1256,and 385 times,respectively.Conclusion During the period from 2017 to 2021,there were shortages of nervous system drugs in public medical institutions nationwide.It is recommended that relevant health authorities establish a catalog of alternative drugs for neurological diseases and an emergency response mechanism to further strengthen the supply guarantee of nervous system drugs.

关 键 词：神经系统用药 公立医疗机构 配备使用 药品短缺 

分 类 号：R971.4[医药卫生—药品]