医疗机构放射人员外照射剂量及身心健康状况调查分析  

Investigation and analysis of external radiation dose and physical and mental health status of radiation workers in medical institutions

作　　者：季丁浩 杨叶中 李娜[1] 王夏冬 孙震[1] 张芮 南亚捷 JI Dinghao;YANG Yezhong;LI Na;WANG Xiadong;SUN Zhen;ZHANG Rui;NAN Yajie(Zhangjiagang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhangjiagang 215600 China)

机构地区：[1]张家港市疾病预防控制中心,江苏张家港215600

出　　处：《中国辐射卫生》2024年第6期659-666,共8页Chinese Journal of Radiological Health

基　　金：张家港青年科技项目(ZJGQNKJ202222)。

摘　　要：目的 调查张家港市医疗机构放射工作人员的受照剂量以及职业健康体检情况,探讨长期接触低剂量电离辐射对其健康影响,为职业健康监护提供参考。方法 选取张家港市医疗机构放射工作人员作为研究对象,收集其个人受照剂量和职业健康检查资料,采用心理健康调查量表,按不同特征分组,对资料和结果进行统计分析。结果 张家港市2019—2023年连续5年间,医疗机构放射工作人员年均受照剂量为0.21 mSv/年。其中不同年份以及不同放射工种之间,年均受照剂量差异具有统计学意义(P <0.01)。职业健康检查结果显示,不同年份总异常检出率差异具有统计学意义(P <0.01)。血压、血常规、心电图异常率不同年份间差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05)。按不同性别、工龄以及放射工种分析,血常规的异常率差异具有统计学意义(P <0.01)。血压异常检查结果,按不同性别、年龄、工龄分组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.01)。心理健康调查结果显示,放射组和非放组,在职业紧张度、焦虑评分和抑郁评分方面,差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 长期接触低剂量电离辐射对放射工作人员的身心健康,可能存在一定的不良影响,需要加强对放射工作人员的职业健康检查和放射防护。Objective To investigate the external radiation doses and occupational health examination data of radiation workers in medical institutions in Zhangjiagang City,China,explore the effects of long-term exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation on their health,and provide a reference for occupational health monitoring.Methods The radiation workers of medical institutions in Zhangjiagang City were selected as the research subjects.Their personal radiation doses and occupational health examination data were collected.A scale was used for mental health survey.The data were analyzed according to different clinical characteristic groups.Results During the 5-year period from 2019 to 2023,the average annual radiation dose received by radiation workers in medical institutions in Zhangjiagang City was 0.21 mSv/year.There were significant differences in the average annual radiation dose across these years and radiation workers with different occupations.The results of occupational health examinations showed significant difference in the total abnormal detection rate among these years(P<0.01).There were significant differences in the abnormal rates of blood pressure,blood routine,and electrocardiogram across these years(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the abnormal rate of routine blood test in radiation workers with different sexes,years of service,and radiation occupations(P<0.01).There were significant differences in the abnormal rate of blood pressure in radiation workers with different sexes,ages,and years of service(P<0.01).The mental health survey showed significant differences between the radiation and the non-radiation groups in terms of occupational stress,anxiety score,and depression score(P<0.05).Conclusion Long-term low-dose ionizing radiation may have adverse effects on the physical and mental health of radiation workers,and it is necessary to strengthen the occupational health examination and radiation protection of radiation workers.

关 键 词：放射工作人员 低剂量电离辐射 职业健康 职业紧张 

分 类 号：R144[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]