儿童脉管性疾病介入诊疗患者剂量优化研究进展  

Research progress on dose optimization for interventional procedures in children with vascular anomalies

作　　者：徐振博 陈英民 马娅 王小山 陈睿 XU Zhenbo;CHEN Yingmin;MA Ya;WANG Xiaoshan;CHEN Rui(School of Preventive Medicine Sciences(Institute of Radiation Medicine),Shandong First Medical University(Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences),Jinan 250117 China;School of Public Health,Shandong First Medical University(Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences),Jinan 250117 China)

机构地区：[1]山东第一医科大学(山东省医学科学院)预防医学科学学院(放射医学研究所),山东济南250117 [2]山东第一医科大学(山东省医学科学院)公共卫生与健康管理学院,山东济南250117

出　　处：《中国辐射卫生》2024年第6期722-727,共6页Chinese Journal of Radiological Health

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(ZR2021MH053);山东第一医科大学(山东省医学科学院)青年科学基金培育资助计划(202201-001);山东省医药卫生科技发展计划(202012070680)。

摘　　要：介入诊疗凭借其创伤小、恢复快、并发症发病率低等诸多优势,手术数量显著增加。2018年全球大约共有2 400万例介入手术,相比2008年360万例手术例数增长约6倍。2020—2021年,我国医院中设立独立介入科的医疗机构由50.49%增长到63.18%。由于介入诊疗过程中不可避免会产生电离辐射,且儿童群体更容易受到辐射损伤,所以患儿的辐射剂量水平逐渐引起人们的关注,成为目前国内外研究的热点问题。本文通过总结近些年来国际放射防护委员会(ICRP)、美国国家辐射防护委员会(NCRP)、国际原子能机构(IAEA)的报告和相关文献,对患儿介入诊疗过程中的剂量优化措施进行综述。通过对介入放射工作人员定期开展辐射安全培训、提高辐射安全意识,优化术中操作技术以及及时更新影像设备等措施,在满足介入诊疗要求的前提下,能够有效地降低患儿接受的辐射剂量,并进一步将患儿的剂量水平降低在可接受的范围内,从而保障儿童的身体健康。The number of interventional procedures has increased significantly due to the advantages of minor trauma,rapid recovery,and low incidence of complications.In 2018,there were approximately 24 million interventional procedures worldwide,representing a six-fold increase compared with 3.6 million procedures in 2008.From 2020 to 2021,the percentage of medical institutions with independent interventional departments in China increased from 50.49%to 63.18%.Interventional procedures inherently involve exposure to ionizing radiation,which poses a greater risk of radiation-related harm to the pediatric population due to their increased sensitivity,Consequently,the radiation dose levels experienced by children undergoing these procedures have become a growing concern,emerging as a focus of research both nationally and internationally.This article summarizes the reports published by the International Commission on Radiological Protection(ICRP),the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements(NCRP),and the International Atomic Energy Agency(IAEA)as well as academic articles,and reviews the dose optimization measures in the interventional procedures for pediatric patients.Regular radiation safety training for interventional radiation workers,enhancing radiation safety awareness,optimizing intraoperative techniques,and timely updating imaging equipment can effectively reduce the radiation dose received by pediatric patients.This approach helps reduce the doses to an acceptable range while still meeting interventional procedural requirements,thereby protecting the physical health of pediatric patients.

关 键 词：介入诊疗 脉管性疾病 儿童 电离辐射 剂量优化 

分 类 号：R144[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] R725.4