锅炉高温过热器爆管原因分析  

Analysis of the Causes of Boiler High-Temperature Superheater Tube Ruptures

作　　者：贾丙丽 张磊言 张宝霞 Jia Bingli;Zhang Leiyan;Zhang Baoxia(Tai'an Special Equipment Inspection and Research Institute,Taian Shandong 271000;Shanqi Heavy Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Weifang Shandong 261000;Shandong Jinliyuan Labor Dispatching Co.,Ltd.,Taian Shandong 271000)

机构地区：[1]泰安市特种设备检验研究院,山东泰安271000 [2]山起重型机械股份公司,山东潍坊261000 [3]山东省金利源劳务派遣有限公司,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《中国仪器仪表》2025年第1期48-51,共4页China Instrumentation

摘　　要：某炼焦余热回收项目的余热锅炉运行6个月后,高温过热器U型管发生爆管事故。本文通过资料核查、形貌观察、垢样成分分析、水质分析等方法综合分析爆管原因。结果表明,设备开车,闸板打开时废气主流直接冲刷过热器下部,是导致过热器开裂变形的主要原因。同时,锅炉运行期间水处理和排污工作不到位,致使锅水中含盐量和溶解固形物偏高,导致过热器U型管严重结垢,传热性能大幅下降,最终过热器U型管过烧爆管。After six months of operation,a waste heat recovery project's waste heat boiler experienced a tube rupture in the high-temperature superheater the cause of the rupture was comprehensively analyzed through document verification,morphological observation,scale sample composition analysis,and water quality analysis.The results indicate that the start-up of the equipment and the opening of the gate valve,the mainstream of the waste gas directly eroded the lower part of the superheater,which the main cause of the superheater's cracking and deformation.Additionally,during the operation of the boiler,the water treatment and blowdown work were not carried properly,leading to high salt content and dissolved solids in the boiler water.This resulted in severe scaling in the superheater's U-tubes,significantly reducing heat transfer performance,and ultimately causing the superheater's U-tubes to overheat and rupture.

关 键 词：余热锅炉 高温过热器 水质 过烧 爆管 

分 类 号：TK2[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]