鄂尔多斯页岩油水平井闷排采设计与实践——以陇东地区庆城油田长7段为例  

Design and practice of reservoir drainage in Ordos shale oil horizontal wells:a case study of Chang 7 member of Qingcheng Oilfield in Longdong area

作　　者：牛彩云[1,2] 张磊[1,2] 魏韦[1,2] 张磊[3] 郑刚[1,2] 邓泽鲲 李明江[1,2] NIU Caiyun;ZHANG Lei;WEI Wei;ZHANG Lei;ZHENG Gang;DENG Zekun;LI Mingjiang(Oil&Gas Technology Research Institute,Changqing Oilfield Company,PetroChina,Xi’an 710018,Shaanxi,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration&Development of Low Permeability Oil and Gas Fields,PetroChina,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710018,China;Changqing Engineering Design Co.,Ltd.,PetroChina,Xi’an 710021,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油长庆油田公司油气工艺研究院,陕西西安710018 [2]中国石油长庆油田低渗透油气田勘探开发国家工程实验室,陕西西安710018 [3]中国石油长庆工程设计有限公司,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《石油地质与工程》2025年第1期7-12,共6页Petroleum Geology and Engineering

基　　金：中国石油天然气股份有限公司勘探与生产分公司项目“大平台集约化建产区块高效无杆举升技术研究与试验”(2102-2-5)。

摘　　要：鄂尔多斯盆地页岩油资源丰富,主力开发层系延长组长7段储层物性致密、原始油藏压力系数低,非均质性强,开采方式不同于常规储层,一般需大规模体积压裂、闷井、排液,待压力降至一定程度后优选人工举升方式投产。鉴于长7段页岩油与国内外页岩油储层特性差异较大,压裂后闷井时间以及排采工作制度缺少可直接借鉴的理论方法,为此,以陇东地区庆城油田长7段页岩油开发水平井为研究对象,对体积压裂后的闷井时间、放喷排液、举升工艺进行综合研究。结果表明:压裂后闷井时间的确定主要考虑该区块最小水平主应力,结合数值模拟、矿场实践,优化合理闷井时间约为30d;根据油嘴尺寸计算模型,建立了油嘴选配图版,有效指导了长7段页岩油放喷工作。举升工艺根据平台井数选用有杆泵采油和无杆泵采油两种,从矿场应用来看,两种工艺都存在维护性作业频次高、检泵周期短等特点,主要原因为页岩油普遍采用大平台三维水平井开发,井身轨迹较常规二维水平井更为复杂。从长远发展来看,无杆采油技术是大平台丛式水平井举升工艺发展方向,但如何延长运行寿命仍需深入研究。Ordos Basin is rich in shale oil resources,and the main development layer is Chang 7 of the Triassic Yanchang Formation.The reservoirs have tight physical properties,low original reservoir pressure coefficient and strong heterogeneity,and the exploitation method is different from conventional reservoir exploitation.In general,large-scale volume fracturing and well closure are required for drainage for a period of time,and artificial lifting is preferred when the pressure drops to a certain degree.In view of the large difference between Chang 7 shale oil and domestic and foreign shale oil reservoir characteristics,there is a lack of theoretical methods for direct reference to the post-fracturing shut-off time and drainage work system.Therefore,taking Chang 7 shale oil development horizontal well in Longdong area as the research object,a comprehensive study was conducted on the silencing time,blowout and drainage,and lifting process after volume fracturing.The results are as follows:the minimum horizontal principal stress of the block is mainly considered to determine the time of post-fracturing stuffy well in Qingcheng Oilfield.Combined with core experiment,field practice,the reasonable time of stuffy well is optimized to be 30 days,which can be adjusted appropriately according to the measured pressure at the wellhead.According to the calculation model of nozzle size,the drawing board of nozzle selection is established,which can effectively guide the blowout work of Chang 7 shale oil.According to the number of wells on the platform,rod pumping and rod-less pumping are selected as the lifting technique.From the field application,both have the characteristics of high maintenance operation frequency and short pump inspection period.The main reason is that shale oil is generally developed by large-platform 3D horizontal Wells,and the well trajectory is more complex than that of conventional 2D horizontal wells.The author believes that rod-less production technology is the development direction of the large platform cl

关 键 词：鄂尔多斯盆地 长7段页岩油 闷井时间 放喷制度 举升工艺 

分 类 号：TE355[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]