页岩气压后返排油嘴动态调整技术应用及效果评价——以蜀南地区Z201区块H62平台为例  

Application and effectiveness evaluation of dynamic adjustment technology for shale gas pressure flowback nozzle:a case study of the H62 platform of Z201 block in southern Sichuan

作　　者：李海[1] 郑马嘉 赵文韬 余杨康 罗迪[1] 曾文 黄勇斌[1] 廖伟翔 LI Hai;ZHENG Majia;ZHAO Wentao;YU Yangkang;LUO Di;ZENG Wen;HUANG Yongbin;LIAO Weixiang(Southern Sichuan Gas Field of Southwest Oil&Gas Field Company,PetroChina,Luzhou 646000,Sichuan,China;Chengdu Chuangyuan Oil&Gas Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610500,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油西南油气田公司蜀南气矿,四川泸州646000 [2]成都创源油气技术开发有限公司,四川成都610500

出　　处：《石油地质与工程》2025年第1期13-20,共8页Petroleum Geology and Engineering

基　　金：中国石油西南油气田公司项目“蜀南地区页岩气勘探开发关键技术研究”(2023ZX02)。

摘　　要：页岩气压后返排制度对压裂评价及生产效果起着关键性的作用,目前,国内页岩气压后返排制度仍处于探索阶段,对油嘴的调整都是凭经验和固定模式,尚未形成科学成熟的返排制度。基于页岩气井返排伤害机理,以“四因子”为主导,形成一套能够实时表征储层裂缝伤害的返排油嘴动态调整技术,其中,返排阶段的伤害是各类损害相互叠加的结果,包括水相圈闭伤害、黏土膨胀、支撑剂回流、微粒运移、支撑剂破碎与嵌入、结垢沉淀、裂缝盐结晶、应力敏感。针对页岩气返排伤害特征创新性地定义了4个因子:流量因子、伤害因子、应力因子、产能因子,实现了对返排过程中储层裂缝系统真实状态的实时精准表征,通过数值模拟并确定返排各阶段4因子的影响权重,为油嘴调整提供了更为充分合理的依据。通过Z201区块H62平台4口井的矿场实践证明:以“四因子”为主的返排油嘴动态调整技术应用效果良好,最终可采储量较前期已开发井提升25.8%,产能达到开发方案要求,对区块后续达标建产具有重要意义。Shale gas pressure flowback system plays a key role in fracturing evaluation and production effect.At present,the domestic shale gas pressure flowback system is still in the exploratory stage,and the adjustment of oil nozzles is based on experience and fixed models,and a scientifically mature backflow system has not yet been formed.Based on the mechanism of shale gas well flowback damage,with the"four factors"as the main factor,a set of dynamic adjustment technology for flowback nozzles that can characterize reservoir fracture damage in real time is formed.Among them,flowback damage is the result of a combination of various types of damage,including water trap damage,clay expansion,proppant reflux,particle migration,proppant breakage and embedding,scale precipitation,fracture salt crystallization,and stress sensitivity.According to the damage characteristics of shale gas flowback in the study area,four factors were defined:flow,damage,stress and productivity factors,which realized the real-time and accurate characterization of the real state of the reservoir fracture system during the flowback process.By conducting numerical simulations and determining the influence weights of four factors in each stage of flowback,a more comprehensive and reasonable basis has been provided for adjusting the nozzle.Through the practical experience of four wells on H62 platform in Z201 block,it has been proven the dynamic adjustment technology of the flowback nozzle,mainly based on the"four factors"has achieved good results.The final recoverable reserves have increased by 25.8%compared to the previously developed wells,and the production capacity has met the requirements of the development plan,which is meaningful for the subsequent construction of the block to meet the standards.

关 键 词：页岩气 油嘴动态调整 返排伤害 四因子 最终可采储量 

分 类 号：TE377[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]