不同水文情势下洞里萨湖景观形态演变特征研究  

Study on evolution characteristics of landscape morphology of Tonle Sap Lake under different hydrological conditions

作　　者：黄艳 李昌文 伍岳[1] HUANG Yan;LI Changwen;WU Yue(College of Civil Engineering&Architecture,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,China;College of Hydraulic&Environmental Engineering,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学土木与建筑学院,湖北宜昌443002 [2]三峡大学水利与环境学院,湖北宜昌443002

出　　处：《水利水电快报》2025年第2期7-13,共7页Express Water Resources & Hydropower Information

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(52009079);湖北省自然科学基金一般面上项目(2023AFB594);水利部重大科技项目(SKS-2022003);流域水安全保障湖北省重点实验室重点项目(CX2023K13)。

摘　　要：柬埔寨洞里萨湖是随水文情势变化的天然淡水湖泊,发挥着涵养水量、蓄洪防涝的作用。由于极端洪旱灾害发生的规模与频率日益增加,亟需对洞里萨湖洪旱情势及其影响进行宏观、快速、准确的评估。基于洞里萨湖实测高分辨率DEM与土地利用分布数据,构建水位-面积(容积)曲线,绘制土地利用类型随水位变化图,并结合逐日水位资料,阐述洞里萨湖景观形态随水文情势的演变特征,分析了不同水位下各省水域面积变化。结果表明:洞里萨湖洪水期与枯水期湖泊面积、容积相差极大。洞里萨湖月平均最高水位、面积、容积分别为9.00 m、13113 km^(2)、567亿m^(3)。随着水位上涨,水域范围逐渐由永久湖区扩大至洪泛森林再蔓延至耕地,其中向马德望省和磅同省的扩张最大。Tonle Sap Lake in Cambodia is a natural freshwater lake,its characteristics vary with the change of hydrological conditions and plays the role of water conservation,flood storage and waterlogging prevention.However,with the increasing scale and frequency of extreme flood and drought disasters,it is urgent to make a macro,rapid and accurate assessment of the drought and flood situation in Tonle Sap Lake and its impact.Based on the measured high-resolution DEM and land use distribution data of Tonle Sap Lake,the water-area(volume)curve was constructed,and the land use type changed with water level map was drawn.Combined with daily water level data,the evolution characteristics of landscape form in Tonle Sap Lake with hydrological conditions were expounded,and the changes of water area in different provinces under different water levels were analyzed.The results showed that the lake area and volume of Tonle Sap Lake differed greatly between the flood period and the dry period.The average monthly maximum water level,area and volume of Tonle Sap Lake were respectively 9.00 m,13113 km^(2),56.7 billion m^(3).As the water level rose,the water area gradually expanded from permanent lake area to flooded forest and then to cultivated land,with the largest expansion in Battambang and Kampong Tung provinces.

关 键 词：景观形态演变 水文情势 DEM 洞里萨湖 

分 类 号：P343.3[天文地球—水文科学]