GNSS大坝监测多路径模型优化与应用  

Optimization and application of multi-path model for GNSS dam monitoring

作　　者：黎宇杰 华博深 谢长宁 袁书超 LI Yujie;HUA Boshen;XIE Changning;YUAN Shuchao(Nanya Branch of CHN Energy Sichuan Power Generation Co.,Ltd.,Ya'an 625000,China;POWERCHINA Chengdu Engineering Corporation Limited,Chengdu 610000,China)

机构地区：[1]国家能源集团四川发电有限公司南桠河水电分公司,四川雅安625000 [2]中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司,四川成都610000

出　　处：《水利水电快报》2025年第2期68-71,共4页Express Water Resources & Hydropower Information

摘　　要：在复杂的观测环境下,GNSS变形监测技术往往受遮挡和反射信号多路径影响,测量精度降低,限制了其在混凝土坝监测领域的应用推广。为了提高GNSS大坝监测精度,通过提取GNSS监测位移序列的多路径信号,构建大坝环境多路径延迟分布模型。基于外部精准监测数据,提出了顾及大坝动态变形的多路径时变误差补偿技术,实现顺河向位移的高精度监测,并应用于冶勒水电站实测精密位移装置GNSS监测中。结果表明:传统的多路径建模方法忽略了大坝自身变形所引起的影响,导致多路径改正模型产生偏差;所提出的多路径补偿技术克服了传统方法的上述不足,可显著提高顺河方向的监测精度。多路径建模过程中考虑大坝本身的变形量有利于提高GNSS监测精度,获取更客观的大坝位移监测结果。研究成果可为大坝安全监测提供参考。Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS) deformation monitoring technology is affected by multiple paths of occlusion and reflection signals in the complex observation environment of hydropower engineering, resulting in reduced measurement accuracy and restricted its application and promotion in the field of concrete dam monitoring.In order to improve the accuracy of GNSS dam monitoring in the satellite observation environment of hydropower engineering, we extracted a multi-path signals from GNSS monitoring displacement sequences, modeling a multi-path delay distribution error for the dam environment, and based on external precise monitoring data, proposed a multi-path time-varying error compensation technology that taking into account the dynamic deformation of the dam, achieving high-precision monitoring of displacement along the river.The results of the GNSS monitoring experiment on the precision displacement device measured at Yele Hydropower Station showed that the traditional multi-path modeling method might ignore the influence caused by the deformation of the dam itself, resulting in deviations in the multi-path correction model.The proposed multi-path compensation technology overcame the shortcomings of traditional methods and could significantly improve the monitoring accuracy along the river direction.Considering the deformation of the dam itself in the process of multi-path modeling is beneficial for improving the accuracy of GNSS monitoring and obtaining more objective results of dam displacement monitoring.The research results can provide a reference for dam safety monitoring.

关 键 词：GNSS监测 多路径误差 大坝监测 监测精度 冶勒水电站 

分 类 号：TV698.1[水利工程—水利水电工程]