广西壮族自治区水土流失特征与治理成效分析  

Soil and water erosion characteristics and control effectiveness analysis in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

作　　者：杨以翠 常志勇 郑腾辉 巴明坤 杨全 林天生 郭郑曦 YANG Yicui;CHANG Zhiyong;ZHENG Tenghui;BA Mingkun;YANG Quan;LIN Tiansheng;GUO Zhengxi(Guangxi Communications Design Group Company Limited,Nanning 530029,China;Guangxi Vocational College of Water Resources and Electric Power,Nanning 530029,China)

机构地区：[1]广西交通设计集团有限公司,广西南宁530029 [2]广西水利电力职业技术学院,广西南宁530029

出　　处：《水利水电快报》2025年第2期107-113,共7页Express Water Resources & Hydropower Information

基　　金：广西交通运输行业重点科技项目(20200311)。

摘　　要：为探明广西水土流失治理成效,以连续8期《广西壮族自治区水土保持公报》为数据源,基于文献研究和集中趋势分析、回归分析等方法阐明了广西水土流失特征及治理成效,结合国家及广西水土保持相关的政策,梳理了水土保持重点工程建设进展,探析了水土保持管理与水土流失的相关关系。结果表明:①近12 a广西水土流失面积和强度呈双下降趋势,2018年为重要转折点;②新增水土流失治理面积中,水土保持措施逐步向林草措施和封育治理等生态修复措施转化,蓄水池、防护堤、截排水沟、沉沙池等工程措施的实施是流域总输沙量下降的主要原因;③崩岗侵蚀是桂东南主要侵蚀来源,该区域平均水土流失面积最小,但年均总输沙量和径流量均为最高;④累计验收水土保持方案数量与累计水土流失治理面积呈极显著线性关系,生产建设项目水土流失治理能显著推进区域水土保持进程。研究结果可为广西的区域水土保持防治和规划布局提供数据支撑与理论参考。To assess the effect of soil and water erosion control in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,data was selected from 8 consecutive periods of Soil and Water Conservation Bulletin of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.Through centralized trend analysis,regression analysis and other methods,the study clarified the soil and water loss status and control effect in Guangxi,sorted out the progress of key soil and water conservation project construction,combined with the national and Guangxi soil and water conservation related policies,and analyzed the relationship between soil and water conservation management and soil and water loss.The results showed:(1)In the past 12 years,the area and intensity of soil erosion in Guangxi showed a double downward trend,and 2018 was an important turning point.(2)In the newly increased area of soil and water loss control,soil and water conservation measures were gradually transformed into ecological restoration measures such as forest and grass measures and enclosure management.The implementation of engineering measures such as reservoir,embankment,drainage ditch and desilting basin was the main reason for the decrease of total sediment discharge in the basin.(3)Slope disintegration was the main source of erosion in southeastern Guangxi.The average area of soil and water loss in this area was the smallest,but the annual total sediment transport and runoff were the highest.(4)There was a significant linear relationship between the number of cumulative acceptance soil and water conservation schemes and the cumulative area of soil and water loss control.The soil and water loss control of production and construction projects can significantly promote the process of regional soil and water conservation.The research results can provide data support and theoretical reference for regional soil and water conservation control and planning layout in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.

关 键 词：水土流失 水土保持重点工程 广西壮族自治区 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]