基于链式理论的高危儿全周期母乳喂养管理应用及效果评价  

Development and effectiveness of a full cycle breastfeeding management program for high-risk infants based on chain theory

作　　者：臧逗[1] 蒋思琼[1] 孟懿 郭春莲[1] 钟瑛[1] ZANG Dou;JIANG Siqiong;MENG Yi;GUO Chunlian;ZHONG Ying(Nursing Department,Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital,Shanghai,200233,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市第六人民医院护理部,上海市200233

出　　处：《中国护理管理》2025年第1期80-85,共6页Chinese Nursing Management

基　　金：上海交大医学院科技基金项目(Jyhz2328)。

摘　　要：目的:制定基于链式理论的高危儿全周期母乳喂养管理模式,并评价其在临床的应用效果,以期为高危儿的母乳喂养管理提供有效借鉴。方法:采用历史对照研究,便利选取2021年10月至2023年9月上海市某三级甲等医院诊治的高危儿为研究对象,其中,2021年10月至2022年9月收治的高危儿为对照组,2022年10月至2023年9月收治的高危儿为观察组。对照组接受常规母乳喂养宣教及管理,观察组实施基于链式理论的高危儿全周期母乳喂养管理。比较两组患儿母亲母乳喂养知识、母乳喂养自我效能水平和母乳喂养质量;比较两组患儿开始母乳喂养时间、母乳喂养维持率和纯母乳喂养率及患儿生长发育情况。结果:观察组患儿母亲母乳喂养知识水平、母乳喂养自我效能和母乳喂养质量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患儿开始母乳喂养时间、(出院时、出生后42天、3月龄、6月龄)母乳喂养维持率和纯母乳喂养率显著高于对照组(P<0.05);患儿随访42天、3月龄、6月龄时的身高和体质量明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:基于链式理论的高危儿全周期母乳喂养管理,在提高患儿母亲母乳喂养知识水平、自我效能和质量的基础上,有效缩短了高危儿母乳初次喂养时间,提升了母乳喂养维持率和纯母乳喂养率,促进了生长发育。Objective:To explore the effectiveness of a full cycle breastfeeding management program for high-risk infants based on chain theory.Methods:A historical controlled study was conducted and high-risk infants who were treated in a tertiary grade A hospital were recruited.The high-risk infants from October 2021 to September 2022 were treated as the control group while the high-risk infants from October 2022 to September 2023 were treated as the interventional group.Infants in the control group received routine breastfeeding education and management,while infants in the interventional group received a full cycle breastfeeding management program based on the chain theory.The breastfeeding knowledge,self-efficacy,and quality of breastfeeding between the two groups of infants'mothers were compared between the two groups.The start time of breastfeeding,maintenance rate of breastfeeding,pure breastfeeding rate,and growth and development status of infants in the two groups were also compared.Results:The knowledge,self-efficacy,and quality of breastfeeding of mothers in the interventional group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Infants in the interventional group showed significantly improved start time of breastfeeding,maintenance rate of breastfeeding(at discharge,42 days after birth,3 months old,and 6 months old),and pure breastfeeding rate than the control group(P<0.05).The height and weight of infants in the interventional group were significantly higher than those in the control group at 42 days of follow-up,3 months,and 6 months(P<0.05).Conclusion:The full cycle breastfeeding management program for high-risk infants based on chain theory can effectively shorten the initial breastfeeding time of high-risk infants,improve the maintenance rate of breastfeeding and pure breastfeeding,and promote growth and development.

关 键 词：链式理论 高危儿 母乳喂养 全周期管理 延续护理 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学] R197[医药卫生—临床医学]