氮化硼对纳米洋葱碳/硅橡胶复合材料的介电和力学性能的影响  

Effects of boron nitride on dielectric and mechanical properties of onion⁃like carbons/silicone rubber composites

作　　者：曾玉[1] 唐鹿[1] ZENG Yu;TANG Lu(The Center of Collaboration and Innovation,Jiangxi University of Technology,Nanchang 330098,China)

机构地区：[1]江西科技学院协同创新中心,南昌330098

出　　处：《中国塑料》2025年第1期25-30,共6页China Plastics

基　　金：江西省教育厅科技项目重点项目(GJJ2202602)。

摘　　要：为提升硅橡胶的介电与力学性能,将零维的纳米洋葱碳(OLCs)和二维的氮化硼纳米片(BN)同时添加到硅橡胶(SR)中来制备OLCs/BN/SR复合材料。通过对所制备的复合材料进行系统研究,发现填料能均匀地分散在聚合物基体中,且OLCs/BN/SR复合材料的介电性能和力学性能明显增强。当1.2%的纳米洋葱碳和9%的氮化硼纳米片添加到硅橡胶时,复合材料的介电常数增加到7.31,而介电损耗则低至0.001 52。这主要是因为不同填料之间的协同作用增强了填料在聚合物基体中的分散性以及复合材料中增强的界面极化效应。复合材料也显示出良好的柔韧性,即断裂伸长率为748%,而弹性模量则为227 kPa。因此,不同维度的低维填料之间的协同作用,能使得复合材料表现出的高介电常数、低介电损耗以及低弹性模量。To improve the dielectric and mechanical properties of silicone rubber(SR),zero-dimensional onion-like car-bons(OLCs)and two-dimensional boron nitride nanoplates(BN)were added to SR to prepare OLCs/BN/SR compos-ites.A systematic study on the as-prepared composites indicated that these two fillers were uniformly dispersed in the SR matrix,and the dielectric and mechanical properties of the composites were obviously enhanced.When 1.2 wt%OLCs and 9 wt%BN nanoplates were added to SR,the dielectric constant of the resultant composite increased to 7.31,and its dielectric loss was as low as 0.00152.This may be attributed to an improvement in the dispersion of the fillers in the polymer matrix and an enhancement in the interfacial polarization effect in the composites resulting from a coordination ef-fect between the different fillers.The composites also showed good flexibility with elongation at break of 748%and an elastic modulus of 227 kPa.In conclusion,the coordination between the low dimensional fillers with different dimensions enabled the composites to obtain a high dielectric constant,low dielectric loss and low elastic modulus.

关 键 词：硅橡胶 纳米洋葱碳 氮化硼纳米片 介电性能 力学性能 复合材料 

分 类 号：TQ333[化学工程—橡胶工业]