胡椒枯萎病植株与健康植株根际土壤细菌群落结构差异性分析  

Analysis of Differences in Bacterial Community Structure in Rhizosphere Soil Between Pepper Wilt Diseased Plants and Healthy Plants

作　　者：和国优 张义杰 白来远 鲁耀[1] 卢木朴 王婧冉 王振充 瞿晓丽 孔垂思[1] HE Guoyou;ZHANG Yijie;BAI Laiyuan;LU Yao;LU Mupu;WANG Jingran;WANG Zhenchong;QU Xiaoli;KONG Chuisi;无(Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,Yunnan;Agriculture,Rural Affairs and Science and Technology Bureau of Lvchun County,Lvchun 662500,Yunnan;Urban Management Comprehensive Service Center(Agricultural Science)of Jincheng Street Office,Kunming 650605,Yunnan;Kunming University,Kunming 650205,Yunnan;Agricultural Comprehensive Service Center of Banqiao Town of Longyang District,Baoshan 678004,Yunnan)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究所,云南昆明650205 [2]绿春县农业农村和科学技术局,云南绿春662500 [3]昆明市晋城街道办事处城市管理综合服务中心(农科),云南昆明650605 [4]昆明学院,云南昆明650205 [5]云南省保山市隆阳区板桥镇农业综合服务中心,云南保山678004

出　　处：《中国热带农业》2025年第1期33-43,共11页China Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：云南省绿春县平河镇、半坡乡、骑马坝乡科技特派队(202304BI090032-7);云南省重大专项云南省高原特色经济作物专用生物肥料创制及应用(202202AE0910015)。

摘　　要：胡椒是我国重要的热带经济作物,而枯萎病是其主要病害之一。为了深入探究云南省绿春县枯萎病频发的原因,分析根际土壤细菌群落结构及其与土壤环境因子的关联,并揭示健康与发病状态下的胡椒根际土壤细菌群落及环境因子的差异,采集健康和患枯萎病的胡椒植株根际土壤样本,通过16s扩增子测序技术和生物信息学方法,分析健康与患病样品间细菌群落多样性和组成变化,以及土壤环境因子与细菌群落的关联性。结果表明,患病植株根际土壤细菌群落的丰富度和多样性高于健康植株:在门水平上,患病植株根际土壤中放线菌门的相对丰度显著高于健康植株,但绿弯菌门和酸杆菌门的相对丰度与之相反;在属水平上,健康根际土壤中的嗜酸栖热菌属、HSB_OF53-F07、酸杆菌属、JG30a-KF-32、FCPS473相对丰度显著高于患病植株,患病的土微菌属、卢得曼氏菌属、鞘氨醇单胞属的相对丰度显著高于健康植株。LEfSe算法分析结果显示,健康与患病胡椒根际土壤所富集细菌差别较大;RDA分析表明,铵态氮、有机碳和脲酶活性是影响健康与患病胡椒根际细菌群落组成的关键因子。根际土壤细菌群落结构和环境因子与胡椒健康状态紧密相关,推测绿弯菌门和酸杆菌门等有益细菌门相对丰度显著减少和土壤酶活性的降低是导致枯萎病发生的关键因素,可为制定科学有效的防控策略提供理论基础。Pepper wilt disease is the most common disease in pepper cultivation.This study aimed to provide new strategies for green and efficient prevention and control of pepper wilt disease by analyzing the differences in rhizosphere soil bacterial communities and soil environmental factors between healthy and diseased pepper plants.By collecting rhizosphere soil samples from healthy and diseased pepper plants,and using 16s amplicon sequencing technology and bioinformatics methods,the diversity and composition changes of bacterial communities between healthy and diseased samples,as well as the correlation between soil environmental factors and bacterial communities,were analyzed.The results showed that the richness and diversity of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere soil of diseased plants were higher than those of healthy plants.At the phylum level,the relative abundance of Actinobacteria in the rhizosphere soil of diseased plants was significantly higher than that of healthy plants,but the relative abundance of Chloroflexia and Acidobacteria was opposite.At the genus level,the relative abundance of Acidothermus,HSB-OF53-F07,Acinetobacter,JG30a-KF-32,and FCPS473 in rhizosphere soil of healthy plants was significantly higher than that in diseased plants.The relative abundance of Pedomicrobium,Luedemannella and Sphingomonas in diseased soil was significantly higher than that in healthy plants.The analysis results of LEfSe algorithm showed that there was a significant difference in the enrichment of bacteria in the rhizosphere soil of healthy and diseased pepper;RDA analysis showed that ammonium nitrogen,organic carbon and urease activity were key factors affecting the composition of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere of healthy and diseased pepper.The structure of rhizosphere soil bacterial communities and environmental factors were closely related to the health status of pepper.It was speculated that the significant reduction in the relative abundance of beneficial bacterial phyla such as Chloroflexia and Aci

关 键 词：枯萎病 胡椒 根际细菌 土壤理化性质 多样性 

分 类 号：S435.73[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S154.3[农业科学—植物保护]