大功率电火花震源不稳定问题的解决及其在生产中的应用  

Research and development of new excitation technology based on high-power electrical spark source instrument instability solution

作　　者：罗燕 余凤波 崔毕 李征 吴国梁 LUO Yan;YU Fengbo;CUI Bi;LI Zheng;WU Guoliang

机构地区：[1]中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司辽河物探分公司,辽宁盘锦124010 [2]中石化石油工程地球物理公司胜利分公司

出　　处：《物探装备》2025年第1期31-36,共6页Equipment for Geophysical Prospecting

摘　　要：电火花震源是近些年来新研发的一款地震勘探激发仪器,它因具有安全环保、可重复利用和成本低的优势越来越受到欢迎,目前主要应用于煤田勘探、浅层勘探、地震生产补炮和表层调查中。在新的电路平衡理论创立的基础上,大功率电火花震源仪器不稳定得以解决,其在表层调查作业中已经可以生产200多米的深井。同时在新的衡量接地标准的假设和验证的基础上,串感现象也得以解决,使大功率电火花震源激发成为地震勘探的一个发展方向。电火花震源在应用中对激发深度有一定的要求,从现有的资料可以确定在水中的激发深度在9 m以下,在陆地要根据浅水面、高速层以及实际的实验结果来确定,但是不能太浅否则会出现地面炮。现在的地震勘探对成本控制的很严格,因此,都是高效采集,这里在施工方式上提出滚动式采集,既可以保证施工效率,同时,也能保证激发源之间不形成相互干扰,保证地震资料的品质;在激发能量方面提出两种解决方案,一是增加仪器本身的单次激发能量,这个会随着技术工艺的进步不断得到提升,二是通过组合多个电火花震源同时激发的方式提高单次的激发能量。最后,根据以上新技术提出未来电火花震源的研究发展方向,其优势将在今后的勘探中一步步的得到验证,所具有的技术潜力也将在今后的应用中被激发出来。The electric spark source is a newly developed seismic exploration excitation instrument in recent years,which is more and more popular because of its advantages of safety,environmental protection,reusable and low cost,at present,it is mainly used in coalfield exploration,shallow exploration,seismic production and surface survey.With the solution of the instability of the high-power EDM source instrument,it can produce more than 200 meters deep wells in the surface survey operation.At the same time,the crosstalk phenomenon can also be solved,which is also a development direction of seismic exploration stimulation.In the application of the electric spark source,there are certain requirements for the firing depth.From the existing data,it can be determined that the firing depth in water is below 9 meters,on land,the determination should be based on shallow water,high-speed layer and actual experimental results,but not too shallow or ground guns will appear.Now the seismic exploration to the cost control is very strict,therefore is the efficient acquisition,here in the construction of the proposed rolling acquisition,can guarantee the construction efficiency,at the same time,it can ensure that the excitation sources do not interfere with each other and ensure the quality of seismic data,this will continue to improve with technological progress,and the second is through the combination of multiple electrical spark source simultaneously fired way to improve the single shot of energy.Finally,based on the above new technology,the future research and development direction of electrical spark source will be verified step by step in the future exploration,the technical potential will be stimulated in the future application.

关 键 词：电火花震源 串感现象 激发深度 激发能量 表层调查 地震勘探 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]