黄河上游梯级水库产甲烷菌的群落特征及影响因素研究  

COMMUNITY CHARACTERISTICS AND INFLUENCING FACTORS OF METHANOGENS IN CASCADE RESERVOIRS IN THE UPPER YELLOW RIVER

作　　者：吴艺 毛旭锋 宋秀华 于红妍 唐文家 谢顺邦 刘泽碧 丁启智 WU Yi;MAO Xufeng;SONG Xiuhua;YU Hongyan;TANG Wenjia;XIE Shunbang;LIU Zebi;DING Qizhi(Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation(Ministry of Education),Qinghai Normal University,Xining 810008,China;Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Process,College of Geographical Science,Qinghai Normal University,Xining 810008,China;Qinghai Huangshui National Wetland Park Ecological Management Service Center,Xining 810008,China;Qinghai Qilian Mountain National Park Qinghai Service Guarantee Center,Xining 810008,China;Qinghai Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment,Xining 810008,China;Qinghai Province Ecological Environmental Protection Publicity and Education Center,Xining 810008,China)

机构地区：[1]青海师范大学青藏高原地表过程与生态保育教育部重点实验室,西宁810008 [2]青海师范大学地理科学学院青海省自然地理与环境过程重点实验室,西宁810008 [3]青海湟水国家湿地公园生态管理服务中心,西宁810008 [4]青海祁连山国家公园青海服务保障中心,西宁810008 [5]青海省生态环境厅,西宁810008 [6]青海省生态环境保护宣传教育中心,西宁810008

出　　处：《环境工程》2024年第12期8-17,共10页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“青藏高原水库甲烷气泡排放的驱动机制研究”(52070108);青海省自然科学基金“高寒人工湿地极低温运行技术研究与示范”(2024-ZJ-910)。

摘　　要：水库是甲烷(CH_(4))的重要来源,了解水库沉积物中产甲烷菌群落特征及其影响因素对于理解水库CH_(4)排放机制具有重要意义。分别于2023年5月(枯水期)和8月(丰水期)对黄河上游10座梯级水库表层沉积物样品进行采集,采用16S rRNA高通量测序技术、统计分析和零模型探究了不同季节黄河上游梯级水库沉积物中产甲烷菌群落特征、多样性及其群落构建过程。结果表明:1)黄河上游梯级水库沉积物枯水期以甲烷杆菌属(Methanobacterium)为优势种,丰水期以甲烷八叠球菌属(Methanosarcina)为优势种;2)库龄对黄河上游梯级水库产甲烷菌群落α多样性产生了显著影响(P<0.05),季节对产甲烷菌群落β多样性产生了显著影响(P<0.05);3)影响沉积物产甲烷菌群落组成的环境因素主要为pH、TN和温度,产甲烷菌群落构建以随机性过程为主导,其中漂移作用最强(54.25%)。研究结果可为深入理解水库CH_(4)排放机制及其调控提供科学依据。Reservoir is an important source of methane(CH_(4))emissions.The community structure of methanogens in reservoir sediments and its influencing factors are of great significance for understanding the mechanism of CH_(4)emissions.Surface sediment samples from 10 cascade reservoirs in the upper Yellow River were collected in May(dry season)and August(wet season)in 2023.16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology,statistical analysis and null model were used to investigate the community characteristics,diversity and community assembly processes of methanogens in sediments of the cascade reservoirs in the upper Yellow River in different seasons.The results showed that:1)in the dry season,Methanobacterium is the dominant genus,while in the wet season,Methanosarcina takes over as the dominant genus;2)the reservoir age had a significant effect onαdiversity of the methanogenic bacteria community(P<0.05),while the season had a significant effect onβdiversity of methanogenic bacteria community(P<0.05);3)the main environmental factors affecting the composition of methanogenic communities were pH,total nitrogen and temperature.The stochastic process dominated methanogenic community assembly processes,in which drift was the strongest(54.25%).The research findings provide scientific insights for understanding the mechanisms of CH_(4)emissions from reservoirs and their regulation.

关 键 词：沉积物 CH_(4) 群落组成 群落构建 青藏高原 

分 类 号：TV6[水利工程—水利水电工程]