施用硝酸钾和磷酸二氢钾对土壤镉污染钝化修复效应影响  

EFFECT OF ADDING KNO_(3) AND KH_(2)PO_(4) ON IMMOBILIZATION REMEDIATION OF CADMIUM IN POLLUTED SOIL

作　　者：徐奕 蒋旭 徐应明 XU Yi;JIANG Xu;XU Yingming(Tianjin Survey and Design Institute Group Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300191,China;Ago-Environmental Protection Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Tianjin 300191,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市勘察设计院集团有限公司,天津300191 [2]农业农村部环境保护科研监测所,天津300191

出　　处：《环境工程》2024年第12期229-236,共8页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：天津市科技支撑计划项目(14ZCZDSF00004);天津市农业科技成果转化与推广项目(201404100)。

摘　　要：钝化修复是土壤镉(Cd)污染常用的修复方式。选取KNO_(3)(K_(1))和KH_(2)PO_(4)(K_(2))2种钾肥,通过盆栽试验,研究施加不同含量的2种钾肥对海泡石(S)钝化土壤Cd效应的影响。结果表明:与S处理相比,S+K1处理下,土壤有效态Cd含量增加22.58%~29.03%,但KNO_(3)不同添加量间并无显著差异;S+K_(2)L和S+K_(2)M处理时土壤有效态Cd含量增幅达到6.45%~32.26%,其增幅随着KH_(2)PO_(4)施加量的增加而降低。与S处理相比,在海泡石钝化处理中施加不同含量KNO_(3),土壤有效态Cu、Zn和Mn含量分别增加7.83%~11.98%、0.54%~6.17%和49.13%~63.83%;施加不同含量KH_(2)PO_(4)可使土壤中有效态Cu、Zn和Mn含量分别增加8.99%~12.44%、25.20%~31.37%和86.65%~94.58%。与S处理相比,S+K_1处理显著增加模式植物油菜地上部中Cd含量,增加率为31.79%~43.16%(P<0.05),但S+K_(2)与S处理间无明显差异;此外,在海泡石钝化修复下,添加2种钾肥对油菜地上部Cu、Zn含量同样存在不同程度的影响。该研究结果对Cd污染耕地安全利用中科学施用钾肥提供了参考。Immobilization remediation is a commonly used remediation method for soil cadmium pollution,but there is poor research on the effect of fertilization on the immobilization remediation of soil Cd pollution.In this paper,KNO_(3)(K_(1))and KH_(2)PO_(4)(K_(2))were added in Cd polluted soil,and sepiolite was used as an amendment.Through the rape pot experiment,the effects of adding different doses of two potassium fertilizers on the remediation effect of soil Cd pollution under the condition of sepiolite immobilization(S)were studied.The results showed that compared with S treatment,in S+K_(1) treatment,the soil available Cd content increased by 22.58%to 29.03%,but there was no significant difference between different doses of KNO_(3) added.The soil available Cd content increased by 6.45%to 32.26%in S+K_(2)L and S+K_(2)M treatments,but decreased with the increase of KH_(2)PO_(4) addition.Compared with S treatment,the content of available Cu,Zn and Mn in soil increased by 7.83%to 11.98%,0.54%to 6.17%and 49.13%to 63.83%,respectively,when different doses of KNO_(3) were added in sepiolite immobilization treatment.Adding different doses of KH_(2)PO_(4) could increase the contents of available Cu,Zn and Mn in soil by 8.99%to 12.44%,25.20%to 31.37%,and 86.65%to 94.58%,respectively.Compared with S treatment,S+K_(1) treatment significantly increased the cadmium content in rape shoot,with an increased rate of 31.79%to 43.16%(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between S+K_(2) and S treatment.In addition,under the immobilization remediation of sepiolite,the addition of two types of potassium fertilizers also had a significant impact on Cu and Zn content in rape shoots.The research results can provide important references for scientific application of potassium fertilizer in the safe utilization of Cd-polluted farmland.

关 键 词：土壤 镉污染 海泡石 钝化 

分 类 号：S51[农业科学—作物学]