南昌市一起生食鲜羊奶引起的布鲁氏菌病暴发疫情调查  

Investigation of a brucellosis outbreak caused by drinking raw sheep’s milk in Nanchang City

作　　者：孔令岩[1] 谢玉庆 陈丽华 黄四平 周义生[1] 吴景文[1] KONG Lingyan;XIE Yuqing;CHEN Lihua;HUANG Siping;Zhou Yisheng;WU Jingwen(Nanchang Center for Disease Prevention and Control,NanChang 330038,Jiangxi,China;NanChang XinJian District Disease Prevention and Control Center,NanChang 330103,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌市疾病预防控制中心,江西南昌330038 [2]南昌市新建区疾病预防控制中心,江西南昌330103

出　　处：《中国校医》2024年第11期825-829,共5页Chinese Journal of School Doctor

摘　　要：目的 通过对南昌市2023年一起食用鲜羊奶导致的布鲁氏菌病疫情进行流行病学调查与分析,查找感染来源,为今后处置此类事件提供科学依据。方法 对确诊病例感染来源进行调查,对涉事养殖户的全部羊群及附近3~5 km内养殖的牛、羊进行布鲁氏菌病检测,对所有家畜或畜产品(主要是羊奶)有接触史的人群进行暴露因素分析,对结果进行描述分析。结果 此次疫情共确诊病例19例,2例隐性感染者,其中19例确诊病例临床表现主要为发热(84.21%)、多汗(10.53%)、乏力(47.37%)、肌肉关节痛(57.89%)、腰痛(15.79%)。生食鲜羊奶的频次与布鲁氏菌病的阳性率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 此次暴发疫情为生食鲜羊奶感染导致,感染来源可能与病源输入性、隐性感染羊发病及与疫羊接触有关,应加强羊奶等制品的检疫管理,降低布鲁氏菌病的发病风险,加大布鲁氏菌病的防控宣传教育力度,增强人们的防治意识,遏制布鲁氏菌病疫情上升的势头。Objective An epidemiological investigation and analysis of the brucellosis epidemic caused by consuming fresh goat’s milk in Nanchang City in 2023 was conducted.The source of infection was determined,thus providing a scientific basis for the future management of such incidents.Methods Sources of confirmed cases of infection were screened.Epidemiological investigations were conducted on close contacts,and subsequent brucellosis testing was performed on the sheep herds of all patients’close contacts and families,as well as cattle and sheep raised within 3-5 kms.Exposure factor analysis was conducted on all populations with a history of contact with livestock or animal products(mainly sheep’s milk).The results were analyzed and described.Results A total of 19 confirmed cases were identified in this epidemic,and two cases were implicitly infected individuals.The main clinical manifestations were fever(84.21%),excessive sweating(10.53%),fatigue(47.37%),muscle and joint pain(57.89%),and lumbago(15.79%).No statistically significant relationship was identified between fresh sheep’s milk dosage and disease onset(P>0.05).Conclusions The current outbreak of the epidemic was caused by infection from raw,fresh sheep’s milk.The source of infection might have been related to the imported source of the disease,hidden infections in sheep,and contact with infected sheep.To prevent future outbreaks it is essential to strengthen the quarantine management of sheep’s milk and other products,decrease the risk of brucellosis,increase awareness and education regarding brucellosis prevention and control,and curb increases in the brucellosis epidemic.

关 键 词：布鲁氏菌病 暴发疫情 流行病学调查 食源性感染 

分 类 号：R181.81[医药卫生—流行病学] R516.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]