2018—2023年徐州市水痘流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of varicella in Xuzhou from 2018 to 2023

作　　者：娄荷清 宋晓哲[1] 孙永红[1] 韩姝 闵梦雅 赵颖 孙翔[2] LOU Heqing;SONG Xiaozhe;SUN Yonghong;HAN Shu;MIN Mengya;ZHAO Ying;SUN Xiang(Xuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xuzhou 221006,Jiangsu,China;Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanjing 210000,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]徐州市疾病预防控制中心,江苏徐州221006 [2]江苏省疾病预防控制中心,江苏南京210000

出　　处：《中国校医》2024年第11期830-834,共5页Chinese Journal of School Doctor

摘　　要：目的 分析2018—2023年徐州市水痘流行病学特征,为制订水痘防控策略提供依据。方法 收集2018—2023年徐州市水痘病例信息和突发公共卫生事件信息,采用描述性流行病学方法描述水痘病例的三间分布,并对发病率进行分析。结果 2018—2023年徐州市共报告水痘23 716例,年均发病率为44.37/10万。水痘发病有明显的季节性,发病主高峰为每年10月—次年1月,次高峰为5—7月。各县区年均发病率为10.22/10万~102.77/10万,沛县和鼓楼区发病率最高。男性发病率为48.83/10万,女性发病率为39.85/10万,男女发病率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=240.66,P<0.001)。发病年龄主要集中在9岁以下,发病人群主要是学生和幼托儿童。2018—2023年徐州市共报告水痘突发公共卫生事件87起,均发生在学校,主要是小学和幼儿园,占同期学校突发公共卫生事件总数的33.33%。城市水痘罹患率为1.50%,农村水痘罹患率为1.99%,城乡水痘罹患率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=44.55,P<0.001)。结论 2018—2023年徐州市水痘发病有明显的季节性,城乡间发病水平差异较大,小学和幼儿园是水痘疫情暴发的主要场所。Objective This study analyzed the epidemiological characteristics of varicella in Xuzhou City from 2018 to 2023,to provide scientific evidence for varicella prevention and control strategies.Methods Data on varicella cases and public health emergency events in Xuzhou City from 2018 to 2023 were collected.Distribution and incidence were analyzed through descriptive epidemiological methods.Results A total of 23716 cases of varicella were reported in Xuzhou from 2018 to 2023,and the average annual incidence rate was 44.37/105.The incidence of chickenpox showed clear seasonality,with the peak occurring from October to January of the following year,and the sub-peak occurring from May to July.The average annual incidence rate among counties and districts ranged from 10.22/105 to 102.77/105.Peixian County and Gulou District had the highest incidence rates.The incidence rates were 48.83/105 in males and 39.85/105 females(χ^(2)=240.66,P<0.001).The age at onset was primarily younger than 9 years old,and the main population affected comprised students and preschool children.A total of 87 public health emergencies involving varicella were reported,all of which occurred in schools,mainly primary schools and kindergartens,which accounted for 33.33%of the total number of public health emergency events in schools during the same period.The attack rate of chickenpox was significantly lower in urban areas(1.50%)than rural areas(1.99%)(χ^(2)=44.55,P<0.001).Conclusions From 2018 to 2023,the incidence of varicella in Xuzhou City showed clear seasonality and significant differences in incidence levels between urban and rural areas.Primary schools and kindergartens are key areas for varicella outbreak prevention and control.

关 键 词：水痘 突发公共卫生事件 流行病学特征 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学] R511.5[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]