钒对过共析工具钢组织与性能的影响  

Effect of vanadium on microstructure and properties of hypereutectoid tool steel

作　　者：杨玉 王天筱 艾铖珅[4] 许成 Yang Yu;Wang Tianxiao;Ai Chengshen;Xu Cheng(State Key Laboratory of Metal Materials and Application for Marine Equipment,Anshan Liaoning 114009,China;The Iron and Steel Research Institute of Ansteel Group,Anshan Liaoning 114009,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian Liaoning 116000,China;Bayuquan Branch of Angang Steel Co.,Ltd.,Yingkou Liaoning 115007,China)

机构地区：[1]海洋装备用金属材料及其应用国家重点实验室,辽宁鞍山114009 [2]鞍钢集团钢铁研究院,辽宁鞍山114009 [3]大连理工大学材料与工程学院,辽宁大连116000 [4]鞍钢股份有限公司鲅鱼圈钢铁分公司,辽宁营口115007

出　　处：《金属热处理》2025年第1期36-41,共6页Heat Treatment of Metals

基　　金：高品质SK系列工具钢研发及应用技术研究(L2021A1C20503)。

摘　　要：为研究钒元素在过共析工具钢中的作用,采用显微组织观察、力学性能测试、热处理试验和磨粒磨损试验等技术手段,对比分析了含钒和不含钒两种过共析工具钢热轧态及热处理后的组织和性能。结果表明:相同热轧工艺条件下,含钒钢中有直径不超过10 nm的细小VC粒子析出,珠光体团更小,片间距更细,其屈服强度、抗拉强度及硬度比不含钒钢的分别高出116 MPa、179 MPa和3.2 HRC。淬火后550℃以下温度回火时,随回火温度升高,两种成分过共析工具钢硬度均逐渐降低,磨损率均逐渐增加。相同热处理工艺条件下,含钒工具钢硬度更高,磨损率更小,抗回火性能更好,450℃回火硬度仍达53 HRC以上,磨损率仍在23 mg·km^(-1)以下。500℃回火是含V钢耐磨损性能恶化的转折点,500℃及以上温度回火时,含V钢中析出尺寸100 nm以上的VC粒子,导致磨损率明显增加,耐磨性能恶化。In order to study the role of vanadium in hypereutectoid tool steels,microstructure observation,mechanical property test,heat treatment test and abrasive wear test were used to compare and analyze the microstructure and properties of the two hypereutectoid tool steels with and without vanadium after hot rolling and heat treatment.The results show that under the same hot rolling process condition,fine VC particles with a diameter of not more than 10 nm are precipitated in the V-containing steel,the colony size of the pearlite are smaller and with finer lamellar spacing,the yield strength,tensile strength and hardness are 116 MPa,179 MPa and 3.2 HRC higher than those of the V-free steel,respectively.When tempered at temperatures below 550 ℃,with the increase of tempering temperature,the hardness of the two tested steels gradually decreases and the wear rate gradually increases.Under the same heat treatment process conditions,the hardness of V-containing steel is higher,the wear rate is smaller,and the tempering resistance is better.The tempered hardness at 450 ℃ still reaches more than 53 HRC,and the wear rate is less than 23 mg·km^(-1).Tempering at 500 ℃ is a turning point in the deterioration of wear resistance of the V-containing steel.When tempered at 500 ℃ and above,VC particles with a size of above 100 nm precipitate in the V-containing steel,resulting in a significant increase in wear rate and deterioration of wear resistance.

关 键 词：过共析工具钢 珠光体片间距 硬度 回火马氏体 磨损率 

分 类 号：TG142.45[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]