水系锌离子电池锌阳极保护策略研究进展  

Research Progress on Zinc Anode Protection Strategies in Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries

作　　者：杨星宇 徐嘉艺 张骑鹏 黄雨婕 董纪广 石成龙 秦亚茹 Yang Xingyu;Xu Jiayi;Zhang Qipeng;Huang Yujie;Dong Jiguang;Shi Chenglong;Qin Yaru(School of Chemistry and Materials Science,Qinghai Minzu University,Xining,810007;Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry and Eco-environmental Protection in Tibetan Plateau,State Ethnic Affairs Commission,Xining,810007;Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining,810008)

机构地区：[1]青海民族大学化学与材料科学学院,西宁810007 [2]青藏高原资源化学与生态环境保护国家民委重点实验室,西宁810007 [3]中国科学院青海盐湖研究所,西宁810008

出　　处：《化学通报(中英文)》2025年第1期2-16,共15页Chemistry

基　　金：青海省自然科学基金项目(2020-ZJ-953Q);青海民族大学理工类科学研究项目面上A类(2024XJMA02);青海民族大学大学生创新创业训练项目(2024-DCXM-80)资助。

摘　　要：水系锌离子电池(AZIBs)凭借其高安全性、低成本和环保特性,被视为下一代储能系统的潜在候选者。锌阳极在水系电解液中表现出的良好电化学可逆性和高理论容量,使其成为一种理想的电极材料。然而,在循环过程中,锌阳极易出现枝晶生长、析氢反应和腐蚀钝化等问题,严重影响电池的长期稳定性和循环寿命。因此,制定有效的阳极保护策略对于推动AZIBs的实际应用至关重要。本文综述了几种阳极保护的有效策略,包括电解液改性、锌阳极结构设计、界面改性以及隔膜改性。这些策略旨在抑制锌枝晶的生长,减少副反应的发生,从而实现AZIBs的高安全性与高效循环性能。通过这些策略的有效应用,AZIBs有望在未来的能源存储领域中发挥重要作用。Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)are considered promising candidates for next-generation energy storage systems due to their advantages of high safety,low cost,and environmental friendliness.The zinc anode′s electrochemical reversibility and high theoretical capacity in aqueous electrolytes make it an ideal choice.However,during cycling,the zinc anode is prone to dendrite growth,hydrogen evolution reaction,and corrosion passivation,which limit the long-term stability and cycle life of the battery.Therefore,developing effective anode protection strategies is crucial for advancing the practical application of AZIBs.This paper reviews several effective anode protection strategies,including electrolyte modification,zinc anode structural design,interface modification,and separator modification.These strategies aim to suppress zinc dendrite formation and reduce side reactions,thereby achieving high safety and efficient cycling for AZIBs.With the successful implementation of these strategies,AZIBs are expected to play a significant role in the future of energy storage.

关 键 词：水系锌离子电池 锌腐蚀 枝晶生长 电解质 

分 类 号：O646.542[理学—物理化学] TM912[理学—化学]