外源玉米素对烟叶烟碱、内源激素含量及烟碱合成相关基因表达的影响  

Effects of Exogenous Zeatin on Contents of Nicotine and Endogenous Hormones and Expression of Nicotine Synthesis Related Genes in Tobacco Leaves

作　　者：郑彦峰 张静瑶 吴贵芝 蒙骏 陈刚[2] 谭永言 刘仁祥 Zheng Yanfeng;Zhang Jingyao;Wu Guizhi;Meng Jun;Chen Gang;Tan Yongyan;Liu Renxiang(School of Tobacco,Guizhou University/Key Laboratory of Tobacco Quality Research,Guiyang 550025,China;School of Agriculture,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学烟草学院/贵州省烟草品质研究重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2025年第1期47-53,共7页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32060510);贵州省烟草公司项目(2022XM02)。

摘　　要：为探明外源玉米素对烟叶烟碱含量、内源激素含量及烟碱合成相关基因表达的影响,本研究以喷施等量清水为对照,设置3个玉米素喷施浓度(1、2、3 mg/L)处理,于烟株打顶当天进行叶面喷施,处理后5、10、15 d测定烟株的农艺性状及烟叶烟碱、内源激素含量和根尖烟碱合成关键基因的表达量。结果表明,与对照相比,喷施不同浓度的外源玉米素对烟株农艺性状无显著影响;烟叶烟碱含量显著下降,喷施后5 d下降幅度最为明显,降幅分别达20.59%、31.76%、28.74%;烟叶玉米素(ZR)、生长素(IAA)、赤霉素(GA)含量显著提高,增幅分别为21.63%~41.68%、13.94%~87.49%、10.56%~47.32%,脱落酸(ABA)含量显著降低,降幅为4.34%~72.70%;烟碱合成关键基因NtPMT、NtODC、NtMPO的表达量显著下调,NtPMT和NtMPO在喷施后10 d下调幅度最大,T1、T2、T3处理分别较CK下降26.82%、55.59%、62.88%和31.22%、36.97%、45.75%,NtODC在喷施后5 d时下调幅度最大,T1、T2、T3分别较CK下降36.30%、77.26%、53.34%。综上可知,烟株打顶当天叶面喷施玉米素对烟株生长影响不显著,对烟叶内源激素水平有显著影响,从而影响烟碱合成相关基因的表达,进而显著降低烟叶烟碱含量,其中2 mg/L的喷施浓度调控效果较明显。本研究可为生产中烟叶烟碱含量调控提供理论依据和技术支撑。In order to investigate the effects of exogenous zeatin on nicotine content,endogenous hormones contents,and gene expression related to nicotine synthesis in tobacco leaves,this study set three spray concentrations of zeatin(1,2 and 3 mg/L)with equal amount of water as control.Foliar spraying was carried out on the day of topping the tobacco plants,and the agronomic traits of tobacco plants and nicotine content,endogenous hormones contents and expression levels of key genes related to nicotine synthesis in leaves were measured at 5,10 and 15 days after treatment.The results showed that compared with the control,spraying different concentrations of exogenous zeatin had no significant effect on agronomic traits of tobacco plants.The nicotine content in tobacco leaves significantly decreased,and the most significant decrease occurred on the 5th day after spraying with a reduction of 20.58%,31.76%and 28.74%,respectively.The contents of zeatin(ZR),auxin(IAA)and gibberellin(GA)significantly increased with an increase range of 21.63%to 41.68%,13.94%to 87.49%,and 10.56%to 47.32%,respectively.The content of abscisic acid(ABA)significantly decreased with a reduction of 4.34%to 72.70%.The expression levels of NtPMT,NtODC and NtMPO were significantly downregulated.NtPMT and NtMPO were most significantly downregulated at 10 days after treatment with a decrease of 26.82%,55.59%,62.88%and 31.22%,36.97%,45.75%in treatment T1,T2 and T3,respectively,compared to control.NtODC was most significantly downregulated at 5 days after treatment with a decrease of 36.30%,77.26%and 53.34%in treatment T1,T2 and T3,respectively,compared to control.Above all,foliar spraying of zeatin on the day of topping had no significant effect on tobacco growth,but had significant impacts on endogenous hormone levels in tobacco leaves,thereby affecting the expression of nicotine synthesis related genes and significantly reducing nicotine content in tobacco leaves.Among them,spraying 2 mg/L zeatin had a better regulatory effect.This study could provide the

关 键 词：烤烟 内源激素 烟碱含量 外源玉米素 基因表达 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]