喷施功能物质对低温胁迫甘薯苗生长及养分吸收的影响  

Effects of Spraying Functional Substances on Growth and Nutrient Uptake of Sweet Potato Seedlings under Low Temperature Stress

作　　者：赵秀芬[1] 张成龙 房增国[1] 董良欣 刘庆[1] 李俊良[1] Zhao Xiufen;Zhang Chenglong;Fang Zengguo;Dong Liangxin;Liu Qing;Li Junliang(College of Resources and Environment,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China;Lanling County Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Lanling 277000,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学资源与环境学院,山东青岛266109 [2]兰陵县农业技术推广中心,山东兰陵277000

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2025年第1期54-60,共7页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省薯类产业技术体系项目(SDAIT-16-08);国家甘薯产业技术体系项目(CARS-10)。

摘　　要：为探究功能物质(猪血氨基酸多肽和蚯蚓裂解液)对甘薯育苗过程中低温胁迫的缓解作用,本研究以普薯32为试材,采用温室育苗试验和主成分分析法,探究并综合评价叶面喷施外源功能物质对低温胁迫下甘薯苗生长及养分吸收的影响。结果表明,叶面喷施两种功能物质均能增加薯苗株高、干物质率、百株重、采苗量,提高叶片SPAD值和植株含磷量,促进薯苗对磷钾元素的吸收累积。低温胁迫明显降低苗床温度,延迟甘薯出苗时间,显著抑制薯苗株高,降幅达10.3%~17.5%,无拱棚(C)处理组薯苗茎粗明显大于其他处理组;低温胁迫明显降低薯苗吸磷量和吸钾量,C处理组薯苗干物质率显著高于其他处理组。主成分分析结果表明,百株重、采苗量、株高、含钾量、吸磷量和吸钾量这6个因子可作为表征甘薯生长发育、养分吸收以及壮苗量的指标。综合得分结果表明,喷施功能物质能促进薯苗生长发育及养分吸收,且同种育苗方式下,喷施猪血氨基酸多肽的效果优于蚯蚓裂解液,其中大棚+小棚苗床处理的喷施效果最佳。In order to explore the mitigation effects of functional substances(porcine blood amino acid polypeptide and earthworm lysate)on low temperature stress during culturing,Pushu 32 was used as experimental material,and the effects of foliar spraying of exogenous functional substances on the growth and nutrient absorption of sweet potato seedlings under low temperature stress were investigated and comprehensively evaluated by greenhouse seedling experiment and principal component analysis.The results showed that foliar spraying of two kinds of functional substances could increase the plant height,dry matter ratio,100-plant weight and yield of seedlings,increase the SPAD value of leaves and phosphorus content of plants,and promote the accumulation of phosphorus and potassium in sweet potato seedlings.Low temperature stress obviously decreased the seedling bed temperature,delayed the sweet potato emergence time,significantly decreased the seedling height with a decline of 10.3%to 17.5%.The stem diameter of sweet potato seedlings in no arch shed(C)treatment was obviously larger than that in other treatments.Low temperature stress obviously reduced the phosphorus and potassium absorption of potato seedlings.The dry matter ratio of sweet potato seedlings in treatment C was significantly higher than that in other treatments.The results of principal component analysis showed that six factors including 100-plant weight,yield of seedlings,plant height,potassium content,phosphorus absorption and potassium absorption could be used as the indicators to characterize the growth,nutrient absorption and strong seedling quantity of sweet potato seedlings.The comprehensive score results showed that spraying functional substances could promote the growth and nutrient absorption of sweet potato seedlings.The effect of spraying porcine blood amino acid polypeptide was better than that of spraying earthworm lysate under the same seedling raising method,and the best effect was in the large and small arch shed superposition treatment.

关 键 词：低温胁迫 甘薯苗 猪血氨基酸多肽 蚯蚓裂解液 生长发育 养分吸收 

分 类 号：S531[农业科学—作物学]