品种和种植密度对红花农艺性状、产量及品质的影响  

Effects of Variety and Planting Density on Agronomic Traits,Yield and Quality of Safflower

作　　者：申思洋 孙玉镯 李梦荷 朱红彩[1] 李习军[1] 赵治军[1] 金玉蔓 董琪 屈涛 马海涛[1] 董彦琪[1] 李连珍[2] Shen Siyang;Sun Yuzhuo;Li Menghe;Zhu Hongcai;Li Xijun;Zhao Zhijun;Jin Yuman;Dong Qi;Qu Tao;Ma Haitao;Dong Yanqi;Li Lianzhen(Xinxiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xinxiang 453000,China;College of Agronomy,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]新乡市农业科学院,河南新乡453000 [2]河南农业大学农学院,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2025年第1期74-80,共7页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省高等学校青年骨干教师培养计划项目(2019GGJS045);河南省中药材产业科技特派员服务团项目(2023)。

摘　　要：为探究不同品种和种植密度对红花农艺性状、产量和品质的影响,筛选出更适合“卫红花”区域种植的红花品种和密度,本试验选取6个红花品种、设置3个密度(D1:33.3万株/hm^(2);D2:16.7万株/hm^(2);D3:11.1万株/hm^(2))处理,采用随机区组排列法进行对比试验,分析比较各处理植株农艺性状、花产量、种子产量及花和种子中化学成分含量的差异。结果表明,同一密度不同品种间比较,新疆大果球(P5)为优势品种,其植株株高、主茎粗、二级分枝数、花蕾数、花蕾直径、花和种子产量、种子含油量和种子可溶性糖含量大多显著大于其他品种;同一品种不同密度比较,D2为最适宜种植密度,其中各性状的具体表现为,株高随密度增加而提高,主茎粗、花蕾直径随密度增加而减小,植株一级分枝数、二级分枝数、花蕾数均随密度增加而降低,花和种子产量随密度增加而提高,种子含油量和种子蛋白质、可溶性糖、淀粉含量均随密度增加而降低,这些性状综合来看,3个密度处理中D2表现优良。综上所述,适宜“卫红花”区域推广种植的红花品种为新疆大果球,种植密度为16.7万株/hm^(2),即行距30 cm,株距20 cm。In order to explore the effects of different varieties and planting densities on agronomic characters,yield and quality of safflower,and to select the variety and density of safflower suitable for the“Weihonghua”area,6 safflower varieties were used in this experiment and 3 planting densities were set(D1:333000 plants per hectare;D2:167000 plants per hectare;D3:111000 plants per hectare).A comparison experiment was conducted by using random block arrangement method,and the differences of agronomic traits,flower yield,seed yield and chemical constituents in flowers and seeds among treatments were measured and compared.The results showed that compared with the other varieties under the same density,Xinjiang Big Fruit Ball(P5)was the dominant variety with the plant height,main stem diameter,secondary branch number,bud number,bud diameter,flower and seed yield,seed oil content and seed soluble sugar content significantly higher.For the same variety,D2 was the most suitable planting density.With the increase of planting density,the plant height and flower and seed yield increased,while the main stem diameter,bud diameter,primary and secondary branch number,bud number,and seed oil,protein,soluble sugar and starch contents decreased.Taken these traits together,D2 density performed well among the three density treatments.To sum up,the suitable variety for planting in the“Weihonghua”area was Xinjiang Big Fruit Ball with a planting density of 167000 plants per hectare,that was,30 cm of row spacing and 20 cm of plant spacing.

关 键 词：红花 品种 种植密度 农艺性状 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S567.9[农业科学—中草药栽培]