水氮互作对花后谷子果聚糖代谢的影响  

Effects of Water and Nitrogen Interaction on Fructan Metabolism of Foxtail Millet after Anthesis

作　　者：张梦媛 管延安[2] 陈二影[2] 黎飞飞 杨延兵[2] 高文伟[1] 秦岭[2] Zhang Mengyuan;Guan Yan’an;Chen Erying;Li Feifei;Yang Yanbing;Gao Wenwei;Qin Ling(College of Agronomy,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830000,China;Crop Research Institute,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Featured Minor Crops,Jinan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830000 [2]山东省农业科学院作物研究所/特色杂粮作物山东省工程研究中心,山东济南250100

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2025年第1期118-123,共6页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32272226);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2022MC052);国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-06-13.5-A19)。

摘　　要：为探索水氮处理对花后谷子不同器官果聚糖生理代谢和转运的影响,本试验以抗旱性强的谷子品种济谷22为材料,采用盆栽种植,设置3种水分处理即正常灌溉CK(田间最大持水量的60%~70%)、苗期干旱W1(田间最大持水量的30%~40%)、抽穗至灌浆中期干旱W2(田间最大持水量的30%~40%)和2种施氮量处理即施氮处理N150(纯N 150 kg/hm^(2))、不施氮处理N0,研究不同水氮处理对谷子叶、茎鞘和穗果聚糖绝对含量及叶片蔗糖-1-果糖基转移酶(1-SST)和果聚糖外切水解酶(FEH)活性的影响。结果表明,W2处理的叶、茎鞘、穗中果聚糖绝对含量均在花后14 d达到峰值,其中叶和茎鞘中果聚糖绝对含量达到峰值的时间比CK和W1处理均提前,且W2N0处理达到峰值时的果聚糖绝对含量均比其他处理高,而穗中则比CK的时间推迟,且W2N150处理达到峰值时的果聚糖绝对含量均比其他处理高。W2处理在花后14 d复水后,叶、茎鞘、穗的果聚糖绝对含量未能恢复到对照水平。各处理叶片的1-SST活性在达到峰值前均呈上升趋势,随后下降,CK和W1处理叶片的1-SST活性均在花后28 d达到峰值,W2处理因干旱胁迫于花后14 d达到峰值,且显著高于同时期CK和W1N0处理,复水后活性下降;而W2处理叶片FEH活性在花后0 d(开花期)达到峰值,比CK和W1处理均提前,且随着生育期延长而急剧下降。W2处理谷子叶、茎鞘果聚糖的花前转运率和花前贡献率均高于花后,W1和W2处理叶、茎鞘的花后转运率和花后贡献率均高于对照,而W1处理茎鞘的花后转运率和花后贡献率高于W2处理,而叶中则相反。综上可知,果聚糖的合成与降解会受到环境、不同器官以及发育阶段的影响。干旱胁迫缩短谷子叶片和茎鞘中果聚糖绝对含量峰值的出现时间,且干旱和氮素胁迫共同作用能提高谷子叶、茎鞘中果聚糖绝对含量峰值,干旱胁迫显著抑制果聚糖绝对含量峰值出现后谷�In order to reveal the influences of water and nitrogen treatments on metabolism and translocation of fructan in different organs of foxtail millet after anthesis,the test used a strong drought resistant foxtail millet variety of Jigu 22 as material,and potted cultivation was carried out.Three water treatments of normal irrigation(CK,60%to 70%of the maximum field water capacity),seedling drought(W1,30%to 40%of the maximum field water capacity)and drought during heading to middle of filling stage(W2,30%to 40%of the maximum field water capacity),and two nitrogen application treatments of nitrogen application(N150,pure N 150 kg/hm^(2))and no nitrogen application treatment(N0)were set to study their effects on absolute content of fructan in leaves,stem-sheaths and panicles,as well as activities of sucrose 1-fructosyltransferase(1-SST)and fructan exohydrolase enzyme(FEH)in leaves of foxtail millet.The results showed that the absolute content of fructan in stem-sheaths,leaves and panicles of W2 treatment all reached their peak at 14 days after anthesis,among which,the content peak in stem-sheaths and leaves appeared earlier than those of CK and W1 treatments,and the peak absolute content of fructan in W2N0 treatment was significantly higher than those in other treatments.Compared to CK,the occurrence time of the peak in panicles were delayed,and the absolute content of fructan in W2N150 treatment at the peak was higher than that of other treatments.After rehydration,the absolute content of fructan in W2 treatment did not return to the control level.The 1-SST activity in leaves of each treatment showed an upward trend before reaching its peak,and then followed by a decrease.The 1-SST activity in leaves of CK and W1 treatments reached its peak at 28 days after anthesis,while in W2 treatment the peak occurred at 14 day after anthesis due to drought stress which was significantly higher than that in CK and W1N0 treatments and decreased after rehydration.The FEH activity of W2 treatment reached its peak at 0 day after anthe

关 键 词：谷子 水氮互作 果聚糖代谢 果聚糖转运 

分 类 号：S515[农业科学—作物学]