Can Anti-poverty Policies Improve Livelihood Sustainability?An Empirical Study from the Perspective of Farmers’Perceptions  

扶贫政策对生计可持续性的影响:基于农户感知的视角

作　　者：YANG Lun 杨伦(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101)

机构地区：[1]Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China

出　　处：《Journal of Resources and Ecology》2025年第1期62-72,共11页资源与生态学报(英文版)

基　　金：The National Natural Science Foundation of China(42001249)。

摘　　要：In recent years,an ambitious development policy named the targeted poverty alleviation policy has been implemented in China,and it has achieved remarkable success.But whether the smallholder farmers raised out of extreme poverty due to this policy have achieved sustainable livelihoods remains uncertain.This study developed a livelihood sustainability index that can comprehensively assess farmers’livelihoods,constructed an analytical model of the direct and indirect impacts of policy measures on livelihood sustainability using the farmer’s perceptions of those policies as a mediator,and created a policy perception elasticity factor to screen the contributions of policy measures to the improvement of livelihood sustainability.Based on these theoretical advances,a case study of an indigenous community on the Tibetan Plateau was conducted.The results show that this policy has contributed to improving farmers’livelihood sustainability in the case areas,especially in terms of livelihood assets and livelihood outcomes,through direct encouragement and indirect influences based on the vulnerability context.In China’s era of“post-targeted poverty alleviation”,the findings from this case study indicate that relevant future policies should attach importance to institutional reform and staff management,and establish practical actions to cope with the uncertainty of the vulnerability context.作为一项创造性的政策工具,中国在过去几年间实施的“精准扶贫政策”取得了举世瞩目的脱贫攻坚成效,并为数量众多的小农户在不同程度上提升了生计可持续性。在此背景下,本文尝试从理论和实证两个维度,就精准扶贫政策对农户生计可持续性的影响程度和影响机制进行了探讨。在理论层面,本文基于前人研究,构建了生计可持续性指数,用于评估农户生计可持续程度;以农民的政策感知为切入点,建立了政策措施对生计可持续性影响的分析模型,用以分析精准扶贫政策对农户生计可持续性的直接和间接影响;基于经济学的弹性理论,建立了政策感知弹性,用以评估精准扶贫政策对农户生计可持续性的贡献。在实证层面,本文以青藏高原东部的藏族村落为案例进行了评估。结果表明,精准扶贫政策通过直接鼓励和基于脆弱性背景的间接影响,显著提升了案例地区农户的生计可持续性,尤其是生计资产和生计结果的可持续性。在中国的“后精准扶贫政策”时代,本文建议未来的相关政策应重视机构改革和人员管理,并制定切实可行的行动以应对脆弱性背景下的不确定性。

关 键 词：targeted poverty alleviation policy sustainable development goals sustainable livelihoods livelihood sustainability index policy perception elasticity 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济]