Spatial Variability of Soil Salinization and Alkalization in the Northern Plain Irrigation Area of Yinchuan,Ningxia  

宁夏银川北部平原灌区土壤盐碱化空间变异特征

作　　者：NIU Zilu SONG Chunling WANG Lei QI Tuoye CHEN Maosheng JIANG Shuting ZHANG Li XU Lizhen LIU Jia 牛子路;宋春玲;王磊;齐拓野;陈茂盛;蒋淑汀;张力;徐立珍;刘嘉(宁夏大学生态环境学院,银川750021;宁夏社会科学院农村经济研究所,银川750021;宁夏黄河湿地生态系统国家定位观测研究站,银川750021;华清农业开发有限公司,北京100084)

机构地区：[1]School of Ecology and Environment,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China [2]Rural Economics Institute,Ningxia Academy of Social Sciences,Yinchuan 750021,China [3]Ningxia Yellow River Wetland Ecosystem National Positioning Observation and Research Station,Yinchuan 750021,China [4]Huaqing Agricultural Co.,Ltd,Beijing 100084,China

出　　处：《Journal of Resources and Ecology》2025年第1期148-158,共11页资源与生态学报(英文版)

基　　金：The Key Research and Development Program of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(2022BEG03053);The National Key Research and Development Program of China(2921YFD1900600);The Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project for Returned Overseas Talents in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(Ningxia Human Resources and Social Security Office Notice No.5,2023)。

摘　　要：Soil salinization is a type of soil degradation phenomenon caused by the gradual accumulation of salt in soil due to natural processes or improper irrigation practices.Understanding the spatial variations of salinization is the basis for salinized land management and resource utilization.Taking Yinbei Plain irrigation area of Ningxia as the research area,154 sampling points were set up and soil samples were collected at depths from 0-100 cm in six layers to determine the pH value and total salt content of the soil.Then geostatistics and GIS were used to study the spatial variations of soil pH and total salt content in the irrigation area.The results show three important aspects of this system.(1)The soil in the study area is alkaline soil with pH values ranging from 8.18 to 10.22,and the pH increases with increasing soil depth.The pH values of soil at 0-10 cm are significantly higher than at depths of 10-20 cm and 20-80 cm(P<0.05).The variation coefficients of the soil pH value in each layer are less than 10%,which is characterized as weak variability.The total salt content of soil decreases with increasing soil depth,ranging from 0.24 to 14.95 g kg^(-1).The total salt content of soil in the surface layer at 0-10 cm was significantly higher than in the lower soil layers(P<0.05).The coefficient of variation of total salt content showed moderate variability except at depths of 10-20 cm and 80-100 cm.Other layers have variabilities of more than 100%,indicating strong variability.(2)The semi-variance function fitting of pH and total salt showed that the soil pH value in each soil layer depth block base ratio ranged from 28.1%to 61.2%,which indicates a medium spatial correlation,and the spatial variability was mainly influenced by the joint action of human activities and natural factors.The total salt block base ratio of each soil layer ranged from 5.5%to 13.3%,which indicates strong spatial autocorrelation.The variation among soil samples is mainly caused by natural structural factors such as parent material,topograp土壤盐碱化是由于自然原因或人类不合理灌溉造成盐分在土壤中逐渐积累而形成的一种土壤退化现象,掌握盐碱化空间变异特征是盐碱地治理及资源化利用的基础。本文以宁夏银北平原灌区为研究区,布设154个采样点,分六层采集0-100 cm内的土样,测定其pH值和土壤全盐含量,运用地统计学和GIS相结合的方法对灌区土壤pH和全盐含量进行空间变异特征研究。结果表明:(1)研究区内土壤为碱性土壤,土壤pH值范围在8.18-10.22之间,0-10 cm土壤pH显著高于10-20 cm和下层20-80cm土壤pH(P<0.05),各层土壤pH值变异系数均小于10%,属于弱变异性。土壤全盐含量随土壤深度的增加而减小,范围在0.24-14.95 g kg^(-1)之间,表层0-10 cm土壤全盐含量显著高于下层土壤(P<0.05),全盐含量变异系数除10-20 cm和80-100 cm深度为中等变异性,其它层均高于100%,属于强变异性。(2)对pH值和全盐进行半方差函数拟合发现各深度土壤pH块基比在28.1%-61.2%之间,均属于中等空间相关性,其空间变异性主要由人为活动和自然因素共同作用影响,各深度土层全盐块基比在5.5%-13.3%之间,属于强空间自相关性,土壤样本间的变异更多的是由母质、地形、土壤、地下水位等自然的结构性因素引起。(3)通过克里金插值得到研究区内土壤pH值和全盐含量在空间上的分布,结果显示,pH分布整体呈现为东西两侧高、中间低的空间分布特征,全盐呈斑块状分布,分布不均匀;盐土主要分布在表层,随着深度的增加,全盐含量减少,盐土和重度盐渍化土比例减小。整个研究区以轻度盐渍化土为主,在空间上全盐含量呈现出由南向北递增的趋势,土壤全盐含量的剖面特征以表聚型为主。本研究探明了银北灌区土壤盐碱化的分布情况和空间异质性,对银北灌区制定防治土壤盐碱化措施提供理论指导。

关 键 词：soil total salt soil pH GEOSTATISTICS Kriging interpolation spatial variation the northern plain irrigation area of Yinchuan 

分 类 号：S156.41[农业科学—土壤学]